Tag: contro and disorders of respiration

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Multiple choice biology breathing and respiration regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
The structure which does not contribute to breathing movements in mammals is

  1. ribs

  2. diaphragm

  3. larynx

  4. abdominal muscles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The process of breathing is divided into two phases: inspiration (inhalation) and expiration (exhalation). The diaphragm, ribs, external, the internal intercoastal muscles and the abdominal muscles that move the diaphragm are all involved in changing the size of the thoracic cavity either by contraction or relaxation thereby changing the air pressure and causing air to move in or out of the lungs. So, the correct option is 'larynx'.

Multiple choice biology breathing and respiration regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

Which of the following options is incorrect about the larynx (sound box)?

  1. It is a bony box.

  2. Glottis is the opening into the larynx.

  3. During swallowing of food glottis is covered by epiglottis to prevent food entry into the larynx.

  4. All of these.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Larynx is a cartilaginous box containing nine pieces of cartilages.
  • Glottis is the opening from where esophagus and trachea gets seperated.
  • To prevent food from entering into the larynx while swallowing, the epiglottis covers the opening of the larynx.
  • So, the correct option is (A).
Multiple choice biology breathing and respiration regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

Signet ring cartilage of larynx is

  1. Cricoid

  2. Arytenoid

  3. Thyroid

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The cricoid cartilage is a ring of hyaline cartilage located at the inferior aspect of the larynx and is the only complete ring of cartilage around the trachea. It has the shape of a signet ring, with a broad portion posterior to the airway (lamina of cricoid cartilage) and a narrower portion circling anteriorly (arch of cricoid cartilage). 

Multiple choice zoology the respiratory system regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

Lungs lie in the thoracic cavity separated by ............ from the abdominal cavity.

  1. Septum

  2. Diaphragm

  3. Thoracic cage

  4. Ribs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The diaphragm separates the thoracic cavity, containing the heart and lungs, from the abdominal cavity and performs an important function in respiration. As, the diaphragm contracts, the volume of the thoracic cavity increases and air is drawn into the lungs.  It is a dome-shaped sheet of muscle that is inserted into the lower ribs. 

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system of human regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

What is dead space air?  

  1. Air in the alveoli

  2. Air in the lungs

  3. Air in the pharynx

  4. Air in the trachea and bronchi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Some amount of air remains behind in the various parts of the respiratory tract.
  • The air in the trachea and bronchi (where no diffusion occurs) is called dead space air.
  • The air remaining in the alveoli or air sacs in alveolar air. The maximum volume of air that can be exchanged in one breath in and out is called the vital capacity. It is about 5000ml. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system of human regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

The amount of volume of air that can be inspired / expired normally is called

  1. Tidal volume

  2. Vital capacity

  3. Residual volume

  4. Normal volume
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Tidal Volume (TV) is the amount of volume of air that can be inspired / expired normally.

Vital Capacity is the greatest volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after taking the deepest possible breath.
Residual volume is the volume of air still remaining in the lungs after the most forcible expiration possible. Hence, option A is correct.

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system of human regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

Person living at sea level has _________ lung capacity than a person living at high altitudes. 

  1. Smaller

  2. Higher

  3. Equal

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A person who is born and lives at sea level will develop a slightly smaller lung capacity than a person who spends their life at a high altitude. This is because the partial pressure of oxygen is lower at higher altitude which, as a result means that oxygen less readily diffuses into the bloodstream. In response to higher altitude, the body's diffusing capacity increases in order to process more air. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.