Tag: classification of microbes

Methanogens are microorganisms that produce methane as a metabolic byproduct in anoxic condition. They include Methanobacterium, Methanobrevibacter and Methanococcus. 

Methanogens are the primitive bacteria belonging to archaea which are able to produce methane. These organisms can utilise the carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas to form methane. These organisms are found in marshy areas where they produce the marsh gas, in swamps and in the stomach of certain animals. These organisms are responsible for methane production in the stomach of cattle which causes belching.

The archaebacteria are the single-celled, prokaryotic organisms. They do not have well-developed organelles and cellular structures. These organisms can survive in extreme conditions like high temperatures, high salt concentration, high temperature, etc. Some organisms from this group can produce methane through the process of methanogenesis. 

Marsh gas is also called as biogas. It is also called as methane gas as it primarily consists of methane gas along with hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in minor composition. It is a produced by the decomposition of vegetable matter under water by anaerobic bacteria. The marsh gas is produced by Methanogens that are found in marshes.

Peptidoglycan is a polymer that is present in the cell wall of most bacteria. It is also called as Murein. However, Archaebacteria are devoid of peptidoglycan in its wall. Instead, they are made up of the polysaccharide called pseudomurein.

Halophiles are organisms that grow in high salt concentrations. They are also called as salt-loving microorganisms. They are found in hypersaline environments like in arid, coastal, deep‐sea, underground salt mines. They can comfortably live in evaporation ponds or salt lakes due to the accumulation of KCl. By accumulating KCl, they maintain the osmotic balance. 

Peptidoglycan is a polymer that is present in the cell wall of most bacteria. It is also called as Murein. However, Archaebacteria are devoid of peptidoglycan in its wall. Instead, they are made up of the polysaccharide called pseudomurein. Arachebacteria consists of 3 groups, namely halophiles, thermophiles and methanogens. 

Archaebacteria are a type of single-cell organism which do not have membrane-bound organelles. They also lack true nucleus. They live in some of the harshest habitats. They have cell wall which is made up of polysaccharides and proteins without peptidoglycan. They include Methanogens, halophiles, thermophiles. Methanogens produce methane gas or biogas. They are present in the gut of several ruminant animals. Halophiles are present in areas with high salt concentrations. Thermophiles are present in areas with extremely high temperature.

Halophiles are organisms that thrive in high salt concentrations. They are also called salt-loving microorganisms. They are found in hypersaline environments like in arid, coastal, deep‐sea, underground salt mines. They can comfortably live in evaporation ponds or salt lakes such as Great Salt Lake, Owens Lake and the Dead Sea. They cannot live in less than 3M NaCl concentration. The concentration higher than 3M NaCl in the environment will cause movement of water outside from a plant cell to the environment and cell will die due to osmotic stress. A concentration of less than 3M NaCl concentration in the environment will cause the movement of water inside the cell from the environment will cause the cell to burst and the plant will die.

Thermococcus, Methanococcus and Methanobacterium are Archaebacteria. They lack histones. They have negatively supercoiled DNA. They differ from bacteria in a way that they survive extreme conditions. Unlike bacteria, archaea cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan.