Tag: body defense system

Questions Related to body defense system

Gastric secretions are under the control of 

zoology diseases and immunity body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

  1. Cerebrum

  2. Hypothalamus

  3. Thalamus

  4. Medulla oblongata

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Correct Option: A,B,D
Explanation:

Gastric secretion starts with the stomach responds to the mere sight, smell, taste, or thought of food which process starts in the cerebrum. These sensory and mental inputs converge on the hypothalamus, which relays signals to the medulla oblongata. Vagus nerve fibres from the medulla stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system of the stomach which, in turn, stimulates gastric secretion.

So the answers are Cerebrum, Hypothalamus, and Medulla oblongata.

Note the following.

(A) Skin, (B) Phagocytes, (C) B-cells, (D) Inflammation, (E) Antibodies, (F) T-cells, (G) Fever, (H) Complementary proteins, (I) NK-cells, (J) Secretions. 

Identify the factors involved in second line of defence.

zoology diseases and immunity body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

  1. (B), (D), (G), (H), and (I)

  2. (B), (C), (E) and (I)

  3. (D), (F), (H) and (J)

  4. (C), (E), (G) and (H)

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The second line of defense is the non-specific responses. They are generalized responses to pathogen infection, they do not target a specific cell type. The non-specific response consists of some WBCs and plasma proteins and the following factors:

1. Phagocytes are cells that eat foreign material to destroy them and it includes neutrophils and eosinophils.
2. Macrophages are non-phagocytic leucocytes, like basophils and mast cells.
3. Complement proteins is a plasma protein that is directly activated by the antigen.
4. Inflammation is the immune response shown during an infection. It is generally shown by WBC.

5. Fever is an immune response that includes the increase in the temperature of the body to kill pyrogens.

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Erythropoietin is secreted from.
zoology diseases and immunity body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

  1. Pituitary gland

  2. Pancreas

  3. Adrenal gland

  4. Kidney

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Erythropoietin (EPO), is a glycoprotein cytokine secreted by the kidney. It helps in the formation of red blood cells by the bone marrow. The kidney cells that make EPO are specialized and are sensitive to low oxygen levels in the blood coming into the kidney. After being released into the blood stream it binds with receptors in the bone marrow, where it stimulates the production of red blood cells (erythrocytes). Medically, EPO is used to treat certain forms of anemia. So, the correct answer is option D.

Which one of the following organs is not involved in the elicitation of immune responses?

zoology diseases and immunity body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

  1. Spleen

  2. Thymus

  3. Lymph nodes

  4. Brain

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The immune response is how our body recognizes and defends itself against bacteria, viruses and other harmful diseases. They are also triggered by antigens. The parts involved in elicitation of immune responses are Spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, bone marrow and white blood cells.

So, the correct option is 'Brain'.