Tag: biogeochemical cycles - gaseous

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Questions Related to biogeochemical cycles - gaseous

Multiple choice zoology bio-geo chemical cycles in nature nitrogen cycle biogeochemical cycles - gaseous nutrient cycles

Which of the following is a free living aerobic non - photosynthetic nitrogen-fixer ?

  1. $Rhizobium$
  2. $Azotobacter$
  3. $Azospirillum$
  4. $Nostoc$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Azotobacter is a free-living nitrogen-fixing bacterium, which is used as a biofertilizer in the cultivation of most crops. Azotobacter respires aerobically, receiving energy from redox reactions, using organic compounds as electron donors. Azotobacter can use a variety of carbohydrates, alcohols, and salts of organic acids as sources of carbon. 

Rhizobium fixes nitrogen by symbiotic association. Nostoc is photosynthetic. Azospirillum is anaerobic. 
So, the correct option is 'Azotobacter'.

Multiple choice zoology bio-geo chemical cycles in nature nitrogen cycle biogeochemical cycles - gaseous nutrient cycles

All of the following statements concerning the actinomycetous filamentous soil bacterium Frankia are correct except that Frankia

  1. Can induce root nodules on many plant species

  2. Can fix nitrogen in the free-living state

  3. Like Rhizobium, it usually infects its host plant through root hair deformation and stimulates cell proliferation in the host's cortex

  4. Forms specialized vesicles in which the nitrogenase is protected from oxygen by a chemical barrier involving triterpene hopanoids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Frankia is a bacterium which grows in a symbiotic association with the roots of non-leguminous plants.  It can fix atmospheric nitrogen. It cannot fix nitrogen in free-living state.

So, the correct option is 'Can fix nitrogen in free-living state'.

Multiple choice zoology bio-geo chemical cycles in nature nitrogen cycle biogeochemical cycles - gaseous nutrient cycles

Bacteria involved in two-step conversion ammonia into nitrate are

  1. Azotobacter and Nitrosomonas

  2. Pseudomonas and Nitrobacter

  3. Azotobacter and Achromobacter

  4. Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Nitrification is a process of conversion of ammonium ions to nitrites and nitrites to nitrates. It is a two-step process. The bacteria that carry out this process are called as nitrifying bacteria. Nitrosomonas, Nitrosospira, Nitrosococcus convert ammonia into nitrites. Nitrobacter, Nitrospina, Nitrococcus convert nitrites into nitrates.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter.' 

Multiple choice zoology bio-geo chemical cycles in nature nitrogen cycle biogeochemical cycles - gaseous nutrient cycles

Which gene cluster is responsible for nitrogen fixation in bacteria?

  1. Nod, Nif, Nfx

  2. Nod, Nif, Fix

  3. Nod, Ndf, Nfx

  4. Ndx, Nif, Fix

  5. Ndx, Nif, nix
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Nitrogen fixation is a process by which nitrogen present in the atmosphere is converted into ammonia. It is essential to life because fixed inorganic nitrogen compounds are required for the biosynthesis of all nitrogen-containing compounds. This process is done with the help of nitrogen-fixing bacteria that have Nod, Nif and Fix gene clusters responsible for nitrogen fixation.
So the correct answer is 'Nod, Nif, Fix'.
Multiple choice zoology bio-geo chemical cycles in nature nitrogen cycle biogeochemical cycles - gaseous nutrient cycles

Match the columns and choose the correct option.

I II
(a) Free-living aerobic nitrogen fixers 1. Anabaena and Nostoc
(b) Anaerobic nitrogen fixers 2. Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus
(c) Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria 3. Nitrosomonas and Nitrosococcus
(d) Denitrifying bacteria 4. Azotobacter and Beijerinckia
(e) Nitrifying bacteria 5. Rhodospirillum

  1. a - 4, b - 5, c - 1, d - 2, e - 3

  2. a - 5, b - 4, c - 1, d - 3, e - 2

  3. a - 4, b - 5, c - 2, d - 3, e - 1

  4. a - 4, b - 3, c - 1, d - 2, e - 5

  5. a - 4, b - 5, c - 3, d - 2, e - 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
a) Free-living aerobic nitrogen fixers - Azotobacter and Beijernikia
b) Anaerobic nitrogen fixers - Rhodospirillum
c) Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria - Anabaena and Nostoc
d) Denitrifying bacteria - Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus
e) Nitrifying bacteria - Nitrosomonas and Nitosococcus
So the correct answer is 'a-4, b-5, c-1, d-2, e-3'
Multiple choice zoology bio-geo chemical cycles in nature nitrogen cycle biogeochemical cycles - gaseous nutrient cycles

Which one helps in absorption of phosphorus from soil by plants?

  1. Frankia

  2. Anabaena

  3. Glomus

  4. Rhizobium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Frankia, Anabaena and Rhizobium are nitrogen-fixing bacteria that absorbs nitrogen from the soil. Glomus is a myccorhizal fungi. The fungal symbiont in these associations absorbs phosphorus from soil and passes it to the plant.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C). 

Multiple choice zoology bio-geo chemical cycles in nature nitrogen cycle biogeochemical cycles - gaseous nutrient cycles

Which of the following is the function of nitrifying bacteria?

  1. Oxidise $NH _3$ to $NO^- _3$
  2. Oxidise $NH _3$ to $NH^+ _4$
  3. Convert $NO^- _3$ to $NH _3$
  4. Convert $NO^- _3$ to $N _2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Nitrifying bacteria is an aerobic bacteria that use inorganic chemicals as an energy source. They are important in the nitrogen cycle as converters of soil ammonia to nitrates by the process of oxidation.
So the correct answer is 'oxidise NH$ _3$ to NO$ _3$-'.