Tag: lattice energy

Questions Related to lattice energy

From the following sequence calculate the lattice energy of AB(s):
$A(s)\rightarrow A(g)+e$;      $610\;kJ\;mol^{-1}$
$B(g)+e\rightarrow B(g);$      $-260\;kJ\;mol^{-1}$
$A(s)+B(g)\rightarrow AB(s);$      $-569\;kJ\;mol^{-1}$

  1. $-219$

  2. $-919$

  3. $+1539$

  4. $+301$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
The lattice energy of a crystalline solid is usually defined as the energy of formation of the crystal from infinitely-separated ions, molecules, or atoms. 
let the equations be 1, 2 and 3.
We will get the lattice energy by  $3-2-1 $= $-569+260-610$ $= -919$

The lattice energies of $KF,KCl,KBr \;$ and $\;KI$ follows the order:

  1. $KF>KCl>KBr>KI$

  2. $KI>KBr>KCL>KF$

  3. $KF>KCl>KI>Br$

  4. $KI>KBr>KF>KCl$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Lattice energy is directly proportional to the charge of the ions and inversely proportional to the size of the ions. Thus lattice energy increases as the size of anion decreases. 

Strength of ionic bond depends on lattice energy.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Bond strength mostly depends on the charges present on each ion and the distance between them.Small, highly charged ions will form stronger bonds while large,minimally charged ions will form weaker bonds.

Identify the correct order of lattice energies.

  1. $CsCl < RbCl < KCl < NaCl$

  2. $KCl > CaCl _2 > AlCl _3$

  3. $NaCl < LiCl < MgCl _2 < AlCl _3$

  4. $LiCl > NaCl < MgCl _2 < AlCl _3$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
$I^{st}$ group elements lattice energy is inversly proportional to radius and directly proportional to charge.
According to question all compounds have same charge but radius differs.
The order of radius is $Cs>Rb>K>Na$ 
So order of lattice energy is $CsCl<RbCl<KCl<NaCl$

The lattice energy of four ionic compounds $W, X, Y,$ and $Z$ are measured. The energies are found to be $-922\ kJ/mol, -769\ kJ/mol, -718\ kJ/ mol,$ and $-688\ kJ/mol$ respectively.
The four ionic, compounds are $NaCl, NaF, KBr$, and $KCl$.
Which of these ionic compounds could be identified as compound X based on the lattice energy?

  1. $NaCl$

  2. $NaF$

  3. $KBr$

  4. $KCl$


Correct Option: A

Boiling point of a substance is based on the intermolecular and intramolecular forces which in turn determine the lattice energy of a substance.
Which of the following substance would have the highest boiling point?

  1. $NaCl$

  2. $Hg$

  3. $AlF _{3}$

  4. $H _{2}O$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$NaCl$ will have the highest boiling point as it is the strongest ionic compound present in the given options. $NaCl$ have strong interionic forces as $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ attracts each other very strongly which results in an increase in the compactness of the molecule, further its lattice enthalpy.

We have all heard the phrase "opposites attract but like repels." This is especially true for ionic compounds.
Which one of the following has the largest lattice energy as a result of this attraction?

  1. $LiCl$

  2. $NaCl$

  3. $K _{2}O$

  4. $MgCl _{2}$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$LiCl$. $Li^+$ due to its small size and has high polarizing power and attracts the electron cloud of $Cl^-$ towards itself which results in high lattice energy of the molecule.

Considering only  lattice enthalpy, arrange them in the increasing order of their stability:
$NaCl$ , $MgCl _{2}$ , $MgO$

  1. $NaCl$ , $MgO$, $MgCl _{2}$

  2. $NaCl$ , $MgCl _{2}$ , $MgO$

  3. $MgCl$, $MgO$, $MgCl _{2}$

  4. none of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Lattice enthalpy is a measure of the strength of the forces between the ions in an ionic solid. The greater the lattice enthalpy, the stronger the forces. 

Lattice enthalpy of $ NaCl $ = $787kJ/mol$
Lattice enthalpy of $ MgO $ = $3826kJ/mol$
Lattice enthalpy of $Mg{ Cl } _{ 2 }$= $+2534kJ/mol$

The correct order of the lattice energies of the following ionic compound is :

  1. $NaCl > MgBr _2 > CaO > Al _2O3$

  2. $NaCl > CaO > MgBr _2 > Al _2O _3
    $

  3. $Al _2O _3 > MgBr _2 > CaO > NaCl$

  4. $Al _2O _3 > CaO > MgBr _2 > NaCl$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Charge matter in lattice energy so here $Al^{+3}, Ca^{+2}, Mg^{+2}, Na^+$ and $O^{-2}$ & $Br^{-1}$
So $cao>MgBr _2 \Rightarrow$ overall order $Al _2O _3>Cao>MgBr _2>NaCl.$

$MgO$ has a high melting point because due to the highly charged ions, ionic force is strong and lattice energy is........

  1. High

  2. Low

  3. Both are

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

lattice energy is high

In magnesium oxide, both magnesium and oxygen atoms form ions in the lattice. Due to the higher magnitude of the charge on the magnesium and oxygen atoms, the force of attraction between them is very high. This provides them with very high lattice energy and a lot of energy is required to break this lattice. Hence the melting point of $MgO$ is high. Therefore both the statements are correct and statement 2 is the correct explanation for statement 1