Tag: physical and chemical properties and uses of hydrochloric acid

Questions Related to physical and chemical properties and uses of hydrochloric acid

Observing the method of collection of the gas, what you can tell about the density of hydrogen chloride?

chemistry study of compounds a. hydrogen chloride laboratory method of preparation of hydrochloric acid physical and chemical properties and uses of hydrochloric acid hydrogen chloride: occurrence, preparation, purification and identification

  1. A gas that is more dense than air

  2. A gas that is less dense than air

  3. A gas (liqued form ) that is less dense than air

  4. None of these

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A gas that is more dense than air can be collected by downward delivery. Examples of gases that can be collected by this method are carbon dioxide, chlorine, HCl, sulphur dioxide.

Which compound(s) is/are produced when hydrochloric acid is added to silver nitrate solution?

chemistry study of compounds a. hydrogen chloride laboratory method of preparation of hydrochloric acid physical and chemical properties and uses of hydrochloric acid hydrogen chloride: occurrence, preparation, purification and identification

  1. ${ HNO } _{ 3 }$

  2. $AgCl$

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

${ AgNO } _{ 3 }+HCl\rightarrow AgCl+{ HNO } _{ 3 }$

$HCl$ is prepared by heating $NaCl$ with $conc.{ H } _{ 2 }S{ O } _{ 4 }$. But $HI$ cannot be prepared by treating $NaI$ with $conc.{ H } _{ 2 }S{ O } _{ 4 }$. Identify the reason.

chemistry study of compounds a. hydrogen chloride laboratory method of preparation of hydrochloric acid physical and chemical properties and uses of hydrochloric acid hydrogen chloride: occurrence, preparation, purification and identification

  1. ${ H } _{ 2 }S{ O } _{ 4 }$ is oxidised by $HI$ and not oxidised by $HCl$

  2. $HI$ is oxidised by ${ H } _{ 2 }S{ O } _{ 4 }$ and $HCl$ is not oxidised by $HI$

  3. $HI$ dissociates on treatment with ${ H } _{ 2 }S{ O } _{ 4 }$ and $HCl$ does not dissociate

  4. Reaction of ${ H } _{ 2 }S{ O } _{ 4 }$ with $HI$ is reversible whereas with $HCl$ is irreversible

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$HCl$ is prepared by heating $NaCl$ with $conc.{ H } _{ 2 }S{ O } _{ 4 }$. But $HI$ cannot be prepared by treating $NaI$ with $conc.{ H } _{ 2 }S{ O } _{ 4 }$. Because  $HI$ is oxidised by ${ H } _{ 2 }S{ O } _{ 4 }$ and $HCl$ is not oxidised by $HI$.

Hence, option $B$ is correct.

Glaber prepared $HCl$ from which of the following compounds?

chemistry study of compounds a. hydrogen chloride laboratory method of preparation of hydrochloric acid physical and chemical properties and uses of hydrochloric acid hydrogen chloride: occurrence, preparation, purification and identification

  1. $NaCl,H _2SO _4$

  2. $NaCl,H _2CO _3$

  3. $NaCl,HNO _3$

  4. $KCl,H _2SO _4$

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Glaber is the scientist who prepared hydrogen chloride in the laboratory by reacting sodium chloride with concentrated sulphuric acid.

$NaCl+H _2SO _4\rightarrow NaHSO _4+HCl$

Sodium bisulphate is a by-product in the above reaction . This is insoluble. Therefore, we further add it with more sodium chloride. This mixture has to be heated to a higher temperature of around 823K. It gives dissolvable sodium sulfate and HCl gas.

$NaHSO _4+NaCl\rightarrow Na _2SO _4+HCl$.

Hence option $A$ is correct.

In the Hydrolysis of ICl , the products are :

chemistry study of compounds a. hydrogen chloride laboratory method of preparation of hydrochloric acid physical and chemical properties and uses of hydrochloric acid hydrogen chloride: occurrence, preparation, purification and identification

  1. HI +HCl

  2. HI +HOCl

  3. HCl+HOI

  4. HOCl +HOI

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In the hydrolysis of ICl, the products are HCl + HOI.


$ICl+H _2O\rightarrow HCl+HOI$

During the hydrolysis of interhalogen compounds, oxyacid of less electronegative or large sized halogen is formed, and other halogen forms halogen acid. 

Thus, less electronegative iodine forms HOI and more electronegative chlorine forms HCl.

The pain due to honey-bee siting can be relieved by using:

chemistry study of compounds a. hydrogen chloride laboratory method of preparation of hydrochloric acid physical and chemical properties and uses of hydrochloric acid hydrogen chloride: occurrence, preparation, purification and identification

  1. washing soda

  2. water

  3. acid

  4. baking soda

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Honey bee sting has formic acid in it which causes irritation and burns.

To neutralise this effect, we recommend a base to be used.
Hence, bee sting can be relieved using baking soda. 

Which of the following acid is used in fire extinguishers?

chemistry study of compounds a. hydrogen chloride laboratory method of preparation of hydrochloric acid physical and chemical properties and uses of hydrochloric acid hydrogen chloride: occurrence, preparation, purification and identification

  1. Hydrochloric acid

  2. Sulphuric acid

  3. Nitric acid

  4. Oxalic acid

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Soda-acid extinguisher uses the reaction between sodium bicarbonate solution and sulphuric acid to expel pressurized water onto a fire. The reaction takes place as follows :-

$2NaHCO _3+H _2SO _4 \rightarrow Na _2SO _4+2CO _2+2H _2O$
The $CO _2$ formed forces the water out of the discharge and hence the device must be held in upright position.
However, such extinguisher can't be used in case of fire caused due to electricity (as water is a good conductor of electricity) and fire caused due to oil or petrol (as the oil or petrol may float over water).
Thus, the correct answer is option (B).

Which of the following is known as battery acid?

chemistry study of compounds a. hydrogen chloride laboratory method of preparation of hydrochloric acid physical and chemical properties and uses of hydrochloric acid hydrogen chloride: occurrence, preparation, purification and identification

  1. $HCl$

  2. $H _2SO _4$

  3. $HNO _2$

  4. $H _2S$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Sulfuric acid is one of the most important industrial chemicals. It serves as the electrolyte in the lead-acid storage battery commonly used in motor vehicles (acid for this use, containing about 33% $H _2SO _4$ and with specific gravity about 1.25, is often called battery acid).