Tag: growth and development in plants

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Questions Related to growth and development in plants

Multiple choice biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

The megasporangium of the angiosperms on maturation gives rise to

  1. Cotyledons

  2. Seed

  3. Fruit

  4. Endosperm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
In the angiosperms, ovule is found that contains embryo sac. Ovule is the basis of female reproductive structure that further develops into a seed after fertilization. It consists of a megasporangium surrounded by one or two layers of tissue called integuments. The megasporangium produces spores that develop into megagametophyte. The megagametophyte produce one or more egg cells. Pollen grains enter the ovule through an opening called micropyle and fertilize the egg cells. The resulting embryo develops within the ovule and becomes a seed. 
Multiple choice biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

Collar like outgrowth arising from the base of ovule and forming a sort of third integument is known as 

  1. Caruncle

  2. Aril

  3. Operculum

  4. Perisperm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Collar like outgrowth arising from the base of ovule and forming a sort of third integument is known as aril. It is typically coloured, hairy and fleshy structure. It is edible in some of the species of plant. It helps in pollination as the insects gets attracted by its beautiful colour.

Multiple choice biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

Seeds are called as products of sexual reproduction because they

  1. Give rise to new plants

  2. Are formed by fusion of gametes

  3. Are formed by fusion of pollen tubes

  4. Can survive for longer periods
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Seeds are called as products of sexual reproduction because in their formation both male and female gametes are involved. The megasporangium produces spores that develop into megagametophyte (embryo sac). The megagametophyte (female gamete) produce one or more egg cells. Pollen grains (male gamete) enter the ovule through an opening called micropyle and fertilize the egg cells. The resulting embryo develops within the ovule and becomes a seed
So, the correct answer is 'Are formed by fusion of gametes'
Multiple choice biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

Morphologically the white fluffy edible mass in maize is

  1. Seed coat

  2. Endosperm

  3. Perisperm

  4. Seed
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Endosperm develops after the formation of embryo. It functions as the nutritive tissue for the growing embryo. The endosperm is found as liquid (coconut water) and solid (coconut kernel, white fluffy part of maize). The endosperm found in maize is of nuclear type. 

Multiple choice biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

In coconut black covering (thin layer) adherent to the kernel around the endosperm is 

  1. Mesocarp

  2. Seed coat

  3. Pericarp

  4. Epicarp
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In the case of coconut plant, the hard shell forms the inner layer of fruit (endocarp). Inside the shell, there is a seed which is covered by a seed coat. This seed coat is brown in colour and attached to the kernel which is endosperm. The seed coat is a thin layer which is protective in nature. 

Multiple choice biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

Which of the following triggers the ripening of fruits?

  1. Ethylene

  2. Indoleacetic acid

  3. Gibberellic acid

  4. Kinetin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ethylene helps fruits ripen by making them softer, through the breakdown components of the cell walls, and sweeter, through the conversion of starches to sugars. Unlike the other plant hormones, ethylene is actually a gas and is distributed through the air, not through the plant body. One of the coolest things about ethylene is that it is released in a positive feedback loop, a little bit of ethylene causes more to be released, which causes even more to be released, and so on. A benefit of this fact is that you can take an unripe fruit (a pear, plum, or peach, for example) and put it in a paper bag with riper fruit (bananas work well for this) and ethylene will accumulate, making the unripe fruit soft and sweet. Indoleacetic acid, gibberellic acid and kinetin does not triggers the ripening process. 

Hence, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

Parthenogenesis is the development of

  1. Fruit without hormones

  2. Fruit without fertilisation

  3. Egg without fertilisation

  4. Embryo without fertilisation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Parthenogenesis is a type of asexual reproduction in which the offspring develops from unfertilized eggs. It is particularly common among arthropods and can also be found in some species of fish, amphibians, birds and reptiles, but not in mammals. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

In an angiospermic plant, endosperm is formed due to fertilization of secondary nucleus but it is absent in some of the seeds viz. pea, bean, phaseolus (moong) etc. It is due to lack of 

  1. Certain enzymes

  2. Dicotyledonous hormone

  3. Growth hormone

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In almost all angiosperms, double fertilisation takes place where a triploid endosperm is formed. In a few cases, it is non - endospermous where the entire endosperm is consumed during the development of embryo.