Tag: seeds - structure and germination

Questions Related to seeds - structure and germination

In view of the suicides committed by the poor farmers towards raising the commercial $F1$ hybrid seeds, a plant breeder wishes to supply them the hybrid seeds at a chapter cost. Which One of the following type of genetic stocks can be choose?

botany seeds - structure and germination what is a seed? seeds seed

  1. Inbred lines

  2. Back-cross progeny

  3. Male sterile lines

  4. Pedigree lines

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Correct Option: A

Polyembryony commonly occurs in.

botany seeds - structure and germination what is a seed? seeds seed

  1. Banana

  2. Tomato

  3. Potato

  4. Citrus

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Polyembryony refers to the phenomenon of having more than one embryo in the same seed. In Citrus, a seed has $2-40$ embryos, one normal embryo and the rest adventitive embryos(mostly nucellar). In adventitive embryony, an embryo develops directly from a diploid cell other than egg like that of nucellus and integument, e.g., Citrus, Opuntia.

Synthetic seeds are produced by.

botany seeds - structure and germination what is a seed? seeds seed

  1. Encapsulating somatic embryos

  2. Encapsulating zygotic embryos in artificial nutrient jelly

  3. Encapsulating genetically engineered embryos

  4. Transplanting zygotic embryos of one plant in the endosperm of a related plant

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Correct Option: A

________ is not an endospermic seed.

botany seeds - structure and germination what is a seed? seeds seed

  1. Pea

  2. Castor

  3. Maize

  4. Wheat

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Endosperm represents the food storing tissue of a seed. It is produced as a result of double fertilisation in angiosperms. In most monocots and some dicot seeds, the food reserve remains in the endosperm. They are called endospermic or albuminous seeds, e.g., maize, wheat, castor bean, coconut, barley, rubber. However, in the majority of dicot seeds(e.g., orchids, Sagittaria), the endosperm is consumed during seed development and the food is stored in cotyledons and other regions. They are called non endospermic or exalbuminous seeds.

So, the correct answer is 'Pea'.

Stratification refers to a process in which seeds are subjected to a.

botany seeds - structure and germination what is a seed? seeds seed

  1. Low temperature treatment

  2. Hormonal spray

  3. High temperature treatment

  4. Strong mutagen sign chemical treatment

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Correct Option: A

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

botany seeds - structure and germination what is a seed? seeds seed

  1. Morphine-Opium poppy

  2. Atropine- Black nightshade

  3. Quinine- Cocoa leaves

  4. Caffeine- Tea leaves

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Correct Option: A

An example of a seed with endosperm, perisperm and car uncle is -

botany seeds - structure and germination what is a seed? seeds seed

  1. Castor

  2. Cotton

  3. Coffee

  4. Lily

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Correct Option: A

In which of the following fruits, a multicarpellary ovary is not found?

botany seeds - structure and germination what is a seed? seeds seed

  1. Apple

  2. Coconut

  3. Fig

  4. Guava

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Apple developes from inferior ovary. It has soft mesocarp and coratious endocarp.
The coconut is a drupe, a multicarpellary ovary is not found  in coconut. The mesocarp is fibrous or dry (termed a husk), so this type of fruit is classified as a simple dry fruit, fibrous drupe. Unlike other drupes, the coconut seed is unlikely to be dispersed by being swallowed by fauna, due to its large size. It can, however, float extremely long distances across oceans.
Fig is multiple fruit known as synconium type of fruit. It is fleshy, formed from entire inflorescence lined inside with numerous female flowers, each forming tiny one seeded drupelet.
In a guava entire pericarp is fleshy, although skin is rough sometimes, many seeded. It is a berry type of fleshy fruit.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Which among the following is not a true tree?

botany seeds - structure and germination what is a seed? seeds seed

  1. Coconut (Cocus nucifera)

  2. Peepal (Ficus religiosa)

  3. Mango (Mangifera indica)

  4. Banyan (Ficus benghalensis)

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Botanically, the coconut palm is not a tree since there is no bark, no branches, or secondary growth. A coconut palm is a woody perennial monocotyledon with the trunk being the stem.

Assertion: Maize is an albuminous seed.
Reason: Endosperm is completely absorbed by its growing embryo.

botany seeds - structure and germination what is a seed? seeds seed

  1. If both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.

  2. If both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.

  3. If A is true and R is wrong.

  4. If both A and R are wrong.

  5. If A is wrong and R is true.

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The assertion is correct but the reason for the assertion is not right. Maize is an albuminous seed. The seeds are endospermic or albuminous where the embryo is embedded in the endosperm and nucellus, which the seedling will use upon germination. In maize the pericarp of the fruit is fused with the seed coat referred to as caryopsis. The cob is close to a multiple fruit in structure, except that the individual fruits -the kernels never fuse into a single mass. The grains are about the size of peas, and adhere in regular rows around a white, pithy substance, which forms the ear.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.