Tag: reproductive system of human

Quizzes (3) Questions (51)

Questions Related to reproductive system of human

Multiple choice female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

If mammalian ovum fails to get fertilised, which one of the following is unlikely?

  1. Corpus luteum will disintegrate.

  2. Progesterone secretion rapidly declines.

  3. Estrogen secretion increases.

  4. Primary follicle starts developing.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

If the ovum fails to get fertilised, then corpus luteum (source of progesterone and estrogen) will disintegrate resulting in a decrease in the level of progesterone and estrogen. Thus, the endometrial lining of the uterus sloughs off and menstruation begins, marking a new cycle.

Multiple choice female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

Luteinizing hormone is responsible for 

  1. Ovulation and formation of corpus luteum

  2. Controlling activity of corpus luteum

  3. Development of mammary glands

  4. Growth of female reproductive organs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

LH is secreted by anterior pituitary which inhibits secretion of FSH, stimulate maturation and rupture of Graafian follicle and release of ovum. LH also stimulates the formation of corpus luteum (the luteal/secretory phase; days 15-28) from ovulated Graafian follicle which in turn secretes estrogens and progesterone. In absence of implantation, progesterone and estrogens exerts negative feedback control over the anterior pituitary’s secretion of LH and causes degeneration of corpus luteum in the ovary. The lower progesterone level, as caused by disintegration of corpus luteum, results in disintegration of endometrium thereby initiating the next menstrual cycle. Thus, corpus luteum activity is under the regulation of estrogen and progesterone via negative feedback control. LTH (luteotropic hormone/prolactin) is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and targets mammary gland to stimulate breast development and milk production after baby birth. Estrogens serves to stimulate the growth of the uterus and the vagina, is necessary for egg maturation as well as for the development of the secondary sex characteristics in females. Thus, the correct answer is A. 

Multiple choice female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

A woman whose pituitary was damaged by disease can have a baby if she is given 

  1. Small quantities of FSH and LH each day

  2. Small quantities of FSH and LH each day and one large dose of LH on 15th day

  3. 20 microgram each of estrogen and progesterone each day for 14 days

  4. Small quantity of estrogen every day for 28 days after ovulation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • LH and FSH are pituitary hormones. 
  • These hormones are essential for the growth of follicle from day 1 to day 15 of the menstrual cycle.
  • On the 15th day, high level of LH secretion ( known as LH surge ) causes release of the ovum from Graafian follicle.
  • The release of ovum is absolutely essential for having a baby in normal adult females.
So, the correct option is 'Small quantities of FSH and LH each day and one large dose of LH on 15th day'.

Multiple choice female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

The ratio of the number of chromosomes in a human zygote and a human ovum (egg) is

  1. 1 : 2

  2. 1 : 4

  3. 2 : 1

  4. 4 : 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The reproductive cells contain only half the number of chromosomes as compared to the normal body cells of an organism. The human sperm and egg have 23 chromosomes each. So when they fuse together, the zygote formed has 23+23=46 chromosomes. So the required ratio is 46 : 23, i.e., 2 : 1.

Multiple choice female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

Perineum is the area in the female reproductive system that lies.

  1. Above the external genitalia

  2. Below the external genitalia

  3. Sides of external genitalia

  4. Centre of genitalia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In the female reproductive system, the perineum is the area that lies between the vaginal opening and the anus. It represents the most inferior part of the pelvic outlet. Thus it lies above the external genitalia.

So the correct option is 'Above the external genitalia'.

Multiple choice female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

Gonadotropic hormone is secreted by

  1. Adenohypophysis of the pituitary gland

  2. Parathyroids

  3. Interstitial cells of the testes

  4. Adrenal medulla
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gonadotropin is secreted from the anterior pituitary gland and it acts on the gonads (i.e., the ovaries or testes). The anterior pituitary contains five types of endocrine cell, and they are defined by the hormones they secrete-somatotropes (GH); Lactotropes (PRL); gonadotropes (LH and FSH); corticotrophs (ACTH) and thyrotropes (TSH). Gonadotrophs, cells that constitute about 10 percent of the pituitary gland, secrete two primary gonadotropins: luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Secretion of LH and FSH is low in both males and females prior to puberty

So, the correct answer is 'adenohypophysis of the pituitary gland'

Multiple choice female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

The female equivalent of the glans of the penis is

  1. Clitoris

  2. Hymen

  3. Vestibule

  4. Vas deferens
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The glans is a vascular structure of the clitoris. The clitoris is composed of multiple parts: the glans, the clitoral body, and the paired crura and vestibular bulbs. The glans clitoris is the name of the part that most people call the “clitoris.” It is the external part of the clitoris, about the size of a pea, and is located above the urethra. Because the glans is the most highly innervated area of the clitoris, it’s extremely sensitive to touch.

So the correct option is 'clitoris'.

Multiple choice female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

Polar bodies

  1. Nurse the egg as it leaves the follicle

  2. Is extra chromosomal material representing the X chromosome in each female cell

  3. Orient the sperm toward the egg

  4. Allow a reduction in chromosomes while preserving all the food for one egg
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The cell that results from the asymmetric division of an oocyte is a polar body. In animals and humans, polar bodies are produced after every meiotic division. They are relatively smaller in size due to less cytoplasm compared to the gametocyte that will become the ovum. This is essential so that much of the cytoplasm is available and the chromosomal content is halved at the time of fertilization. The polar bodies will eventually degenerate.

So the correct option is 'allow a reduction in chromosomes while preserving all the food for one egg'.

Multiple choice female reproductive structure reproductive system of human hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction human physiology biology

Below is given the unorganised list of some important events in the human female reproductive cycle. Identify the correct sequence of these event and select the correct option.
(i) Secretion of FSH
(ii) Growth of corpus luteum
(iii) Growth of the follicle and oogenesis
(iv) Ovulation
(v) Sudden increase in levels of LH

  1. (i) $\rightarrow$ (iv) $\rightarrow$ (iii) $\rightarrow$ (v) $\rightarrow$ (ii)
  2. (ii) $\rightarrow$ (i) $\rightarrow$ (iii) $\rightarrow$ (iv) $\rightarrow$ (iv)
  3. (iii) $\rightarrow$ (i) $\rightarrow$ (iv) $\rightarrow$ (ii) $\rightarrow$ (v)
  4. (i) $\rightarrow$ (iii) $\rightarrow$ (v) $\rightarrow$ (iv) $\rightarrow$ (ii)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

During the follicular phase, the secretion of FSH happens and this leads to the development of a mature follicle (Graafian follicle). This process of formation of a mature female gamete is called oogenesis. The FSH level increase causes the development of follicles and secretion of estrogen by the growing follicles. Rapid secretion of LH leads to the rupture of Graafian follicle and release of ovum called ovulation. This phase is followed by the remaining parts of Graafian follicle transform into the corpus luteum. 

So, the correct option is '(i) 
→→ (iii) →→ (v) →→ (iv) →→ (ii)'.