Tag: pathogen and their mode of transmission

The diseases which are transmitted through contaminated air are known as airborne diseases. When the person lives in an overcrowded area which is poorly ventilated house, the person may suffer from breathing and airborne related diseases. The person may suffer from respiratory infections and disorders.

The disease can be transmitted directly or indirectly depending on the surrounding factors like example air , water and soil. Therefore, (b) is the correct answer.

Insects like mosquitoes act as a vector to transfer infection from one host to another. This happens when one mosquito sucks blood from the infected person and the same mosquito bites a healthy person.  Therefore, (a) is the correct answer.

Direct transmission is communicable and contagious disease. It is spread from one infected person to the host. It can be transferred due to direct sexual contact, through air in the form of sneezing or coughing, through contaminated food and water due fecal matter etc. Therefore, (d) is the correct answer.

Fomites are surfaces which are frequently touched and hence infected. There can be many items used by the infected person like door knobs, handles, computer keyboards, pen, toys phone etc. Therefore, (d) is the correct answer.

Infections can also be transmitted through contaminated air, soil, water, surroundings etc. Food not prepared in hygienic conditions can also cause infection. Therefore, (c) is the correct answer.

Indirect Transmission is the spread of disease from host to host by means of a vector. Therefore, (b) is the correct answer.

Becoming exposed to or infected with an infectious microbe does not necessarily mean developing disease. This can be an advantage to people with good immune system. Proper nourishment and food will give rise to a healthy immune system. Therefore, (a) is the correct answer.

Particles containing organisms which can remain in air for long time Solution:- Dust particles containing microorganisms which can remain in air for longer duration of time results in airborne transmission. They must be resistant to drying and can survive for long outside the body. Therefore, (b) is the correct answer.

Explanation: It is an acute infectious and highly fatal, bacterial disease of cattle. Buffaloes, sheep and goats are also affected. Young cattle between 6-24 months of age, in good body condition are mostly affected. It is soil-borne infection which generally occurs during rainy season. In India, the disease is sporadic (1-2 animal) in nature. It is caused by Clostridium chauvoei.