Tag: biodiversity and its classifications

Herdmania is a genus of tunicates (sea squirts). They possess a simple, valveless, single-chambered heart that periodically reverses the direction of blood flow.

The Bryozoa, also known as Polyzoa, Ectoprocta or commonly as moss animals, are a phylum of aquatic invertebrate animals. They are filter feeders that sieve food particles out of the water using a retractable lophophore a "crown" of tentacles lined with cilia. Most marine species live in tropical waters, but a few occur in oceanic trenches, and others are found in polar waters. 

Larval stages are common in the life cycles of many invertebrates (e.g., insects, mollusks) and some vertebrates (e.g., amphibians like frogs). Therefore, larvae occur in both groups.

• ICBN stands for - International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. 
  
• It is the set of rules and recommendations for naming plants, fungi, and algae as the ICBN applies not only to plants, as they are now defined, but also to other organisms traditionally studied by botanists.
  

• Carlous Linnaeus is also known as 'Father of modern taxonomy' for introducing the artificial classification system and binomial nomenclature.
• The term 'species' was coined by Jonh Ray.
• Father of Biology is Aristotle.
• A.P. Decandolle introduced the term 'taxonomy'.

Carl Linnaeus was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist, who laid the foundations for the mordern biological naming scheme of biological nomenclature. He is known as the father of taxonomy and is also considered one of the fathers of modern ecology. In botany, the author abbreviation used to indicate Linnaeus as the authority for species name. In older publications, sometimes the abbreviation "Linn" is found.

Scientific names are used as means of classifying or identifying scientific plants. At the time when biologist Carl Linnaeus published books of binomial nomenclature, Latin was used in western Europe as the common language of science and scientific names were in Latin or Greek. Linnaeus continued this practice. 

Binomial nomenclature involves a generic epithet, a specific epithet, Latin language usage, and specific formatting rules like italics or underlining. All four listed features are standard components of the system.

Nomenclature is application of correct name to plants and taxonomic rank under the rule as drawn by ICBN (International Code for Botanical Nomenclature); option A is incorrect and B is correct. Scientific names formulated in Latin language are preferred over those in vernacular languages due to restricted use and application of these names in one or two languages and non-availability of vernacular names for all known plant species; this makes option C incorrect. Scientific names are not formulated in English but in Latin because latter one is a dead language and the meanings of words are not prone to changes as is the case with English; this makes option D incorrect. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Scientific names are derived from Latin language. This is because it is a dead language and the meanings of words are not prone to changes.