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Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

Which of the following Earth's plates is responsible for causing an earthquake?

  1. The crust of the earth

  2. The mantle of the earth

  3. The inner core of the earth

  4. The outer core of the earth
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Most earthquakes are tectonic earthquakes, which happen when the large, thin plates of the Earth's crust called tectonic plates become stuck as they move past one another. They lock together, and pressure builds up. When they finally release, earthquakes occur.

Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

Earthquake at two places A and B were measured by a seismograph which recorded the magnitude as 2 and 4. The magnitude of tremors and its destructive energy at A and B can be compared as:

  1. Tremor at B are two times that at place A

  2. Tremor at B are four times that at place A

  3. Tremor at B are 100 times that at place A

  4. Tremor at B are 1000 times that at place A
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

As the magnitude records by seismograph at a place is more by 1, the magnitude of tremors will be 10 times more. Hence, the magnitude of tremors at 'B' are 100 times than at place 'A' since they differ by 2 in magnitude.

Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

Name the scale on which the destructive energy of an earthquake is measured.

  1. Temperature scale

  2. Vector scale

  3. Richter scale

  4. Energy scale
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Richter magnitude scale was developed in 1935 by Charles F. Richter of the California Institute of Technology as a mathematical device to compare the size of earthquakes. The magnitude of an earthquake is determined from the logarithm of the amplitude of waves recorded by seismographs. Adjustments are included in the magnitude formula to compensate for the variation in the distance between the various seismographs and the epicenter of the earthquakes. On the Richter Scale, magnitude is expressed in whole numbers and decimal fractions. For example, a magnitude of 5.3 might be computed for a moderate earthquake, and a strong earthquake might be rated as magnitude 6.3. Because of the logarithmic basis of the scale, each whole number increase in magnitude represents a tenfold increase in measured amplitude; as an estimate of energy, each whole number step in the magnitude scale corresponds to the release of about 31 times more energy than the amount associated with the preceding whole number value.
The Richter scale has the readings from 1 to 10. The reading of magnitude 3 on the Richter scale would be recorded by a seismograph. If the Richter scale gives a reading of magnitude 3, then the earthquake is not likely to cause much damage. Generally, earthquake of magnitudes higher than 7 is considered destructive in nature.

Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

Earthquake at two places A and B were measured by a seismograph which recorded the magnitude as 2 and 4. The magnitude of tremors and its destructive energy at A and B can be compared as under:

  1. Tremor at B is 2 times to that at place A

  2. Tremor at B is 4 times to that at place A

  3. Tremor at B is 100 times to that at place A

  4. Tremor at B is 1000 times to that at place A
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Richter scale is not a linear scale. It is a logarithmic scale. A difference in magnitude of $2$ implies a multiplication factor of $10^2 = 100$.

Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

Earthquake at two places A and B were measured by a seismograph which recorded the magnitude as 2 and 4. The magnitude of tremors and its destructive energy at A and B can be compared as under

  1. tremor at B are two times that at place 'A'

  2. tremor at B are four times that at place 'A'

  3. tremor at B are 100 times that at place 'A'

  4. tremor at B are 1000 times that at place 'A'
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Richter scale is logarithmic, meaning each whole number increase represents a 10-fold increase in measured amplitude. A difference of 2 units (4 - 2 = 2) corresponds to an increase in amplitude by 10^2 = 100 times.

Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

State whether the given statement is True or False :

The plates of the outermost layer of the Earth are always in continuous motion. 

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The outermost layer of the Earth is called as crust. It is not in one piece but fragmented. Each fragment is called as a plate. Such 7-8 major plates are present. Also, there are many minor plates. These plates are in continuous motion. When these plates brush past one another or a plate goes under another, it causes collision. This causes earthquake on the surface of the Earth. Earthquakes occur all the time around the world. But they are too small to be noticed. Major earthquakes are less frequent. Hence, given statement is true.