Tag: magnetism and matter

A superconductor exhibits perfect diamagnetism.

Magnetic susceptibility is a dimensionless proportionality constant that indicates the degree of magnetisation of a material in response to an applied magnetic field.

Diamagnetic substances are those which are freebly repelled by the magnetic field.
$\therefore$ Copper, Hydrogen, Silver are diamagnetic as their atoms have net magnetic dipole moment zero.

Diamagnetism (where orbital motion of electrons creates tiny atomic current loops, which produce magnetic fields) is a property of all materials and opposes applied magnetic fields, but is very weak.

Here when electromagnet is connected to battery, emf source the magnetic field is produced which pushes rod upwards and so gravitational potential energy is stored.

A paramagnet magnet behaves like a solenoid because both contain currents in the form of circle. The magnetic field is generated by the circular motion of the electron inside the atom.

Ferromagnetism materials exhibit a long range ordering phenomenon at the atomic level which causes the unpaired electron spins to line up parallel with each other in a region called domain. Within the domain, the magnetic field is intense, but in a bulk sample the material will usually be unmagnetised because the many domains will themselves be randomly oriented with respect to one another. Hence, domain formation is the necessary feature of ferromagnetic substance.

Paramagnetic substance gets feebly magnetised in the direction of field and therefore, $I$ is very small and positive for paramagntic substances.
We know $X _m=I/H$
Therefore,$X _m$ is also very small and positive.