Tag: allergy and autoimmune diseases

Allergies are the reactions or the response given to the antigens which are in the form of particles. Allergy is also termed as hypersensitivity. The cells release IgE antibodies, histamines and other cytokines which manifest the symptoms of the reaction. When the allergen is encountered, the mast cells and basophils undergo degranulation which releases histamine. Histamine is the inflammatory agent. 

H1 receptors are histamine receptors involved in allergic responses. Antihistamines are drugs that block these receptors to treat allergic manifestations.

Specific allergen immunotherapy, often used to treat allergies, involves gradually exposing the patient to the allergen to build tolerance, a process known as desensitization.

Allergies are the reactions or the response given to the antigens which are in the form of particles. Allergy is also termed as hypersensitivity. The cells release IgE antibodies, histamines and other cytokines which manifest the symptoms of the reaction. Allergy may result in urticaria which is the development of skin rash with reddening and swelling of the regions. The allergen results in stimulation of mucus secretion and sneezing which causes rhinitis. The common example of allergy is asthma which results in the constriction of the bronchi and shortness of breath due to the blocking of the airway.  

Autoimmunity is the system of immune responses of an organism against its own cells and tissues. It is the abnormal immune response in which immune system attacks healthy cells.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Autoimmune disease is a condition in which our own immune system attacks our own tissues. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints.
Grave's disease is an autoimmune disease in which the patient;s own immune system attacks the thyroid gland causing it to produce too much of thyroid hormone.
Hashimoto's disease is an autoimmune condition caused by inflammation of the thyroid gland.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

An allergy is a hypersensitivity disorder of the immune system. Symptoms include red eyes, itchiness, and runny nose, eczema, hives, or an asthma attack. Out of the given options, only asthma is an allergy. Asthma and allergies often go hand-in-hand. Asthma is a disease of the branches of the windpipe (bronchial tubes), which carry air in and out of the lungs. There are several different types of asthma. Allergic asthma is a type of asthma that is triggered by an allergy (for example, pollen or mold spores).

• Antihistamines are drugs which are used to treat allergic rhinitis and other allergies. Antihistamines can give relief when a person has nasal congestion, sneezing, or hives because of pollen, dust mites, or animal allergy. Histamine is mostly responsible for allergic reactions. Antihistamines block the action of histamines.
  
• A steroid is a biologically active organic compound. Steroids such as corticosteroids are used in the treatment of allergic reactions by reducing inflammation associated with allergies. They prevent and treat nasal stuffiness, sneezing, and itchy, runny nose due to seasonal or year-round allergies. They can also decrease inflammation and swelling from other types of allergic reactions
  
• So, the correct answer is 'Allergy'.

An autoimmune disease is a condition arising from an abnormal immune response to normal body tissue. In an autoimmune disease, the immune system fails to recognize self-cells and produces antibodies against self-cells. Common symptoms include low-grade fever and feeling tired. Autoimmune disease is due to genetic abnormality or other environmental factors. 

Anti-histamines block the effects of histamine, which is released during an allergic reaction, while steroids reduce inflammation. Both are standard treatments for managing allergy symptoms.