Tag: useful microorganisms

Questions Related to useful microorganisms

It is important to boil surgical instruments before using them in an operation. It is done

botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

  1. To kill all the pathogens which may be infecting the instruments.

  2. To facilitate the handling of the instruments by the doctor.

  3. To enable the patient feel warm and comfortable at the time of operation.

  4. To kill all the pathogens present at the place of operation of the patient.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

It is important to boil surgical instruments before using them in an operation. It is done to kill all the pathogens which may be infecting the instruments. After the operation and surgery, the germs and pathogens are present on the instruments used during operation and surgery. So in order to kill those pathogens and bacterial cyst, the surgical instruments are boiled for 10 to 15 minutes. This will reduce the risk of transmission of disease from one person to another person.

Thus, the correct answer is 'To kill all the pathogens which may be infecting the instruments.'

Yeast is used in preparation of

botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

  1. Acetic acid

  2. Curd

  3. Ethyl alcohol

  4. Cheese

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Yeast is a fungal species that converts carbohydrates to carbon dioxide and alcohols.
(A)Acetic acid bacteria are responsible for the production of Acetic acid.
(B)Lactobacillus is responsible for the conversion of milk into curd.
(C)Saccharomyces cerevisiae is responsible for the production of ethyl alcohol.
(D)Lactobacillus or Streptococcus is responsible for the conversion of production of cheese.

So, the correct answer is 'Ethyl alcohol'

Product of fermentation of glucose by yeast is?

botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

  1. $(C _6H _{10}O _5) _n$

  2. $C _2H _5OH$

  3. $C _6H _{12}O _6$

  4. $CH _3OH$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Yeast is a fungal species that converts carbohydrates to carbon dioxide and alcohols. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is responsible for the production of ethyl alcohol.

So, the correct answer is 'C2H5OH'C2H5OH

Which is not one of the new uses of biotechnology ?

botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

  1. Making beer and wine

  2. Cleaning up oil spills

  3. Increasing soil fertility

  4. Obtaining minerals from mining

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Making beer, wine, cheese, curd etc using microorganisms are classic methods of biotechnology I.e. using microbes for isolation. Of product of our use. While with advancement in technology, we have extended biotechnology to other purposes like Cleaning up oil spills, increasing soil fertility, obtaining minerals from mining etc. 

So, the correct option is 'Making beer and wine'.

A bacterial culture is treated with streptomycin and a cast is made. A few colonies are able to survive due to

botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

  1. Selection

  2. Adaption

  3. Mutation

  4. Mimicry

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Adaptation is the alteration in the structure or function of an organism or any of its parts that results from natural selection and by which the organism becomes better fitted to survive and multiply in its environment. The bacteria got adapted towards the changes and hence survived.

So the correct option is 'Adaption'.

Most commonly used substrate for industrial production of beer is __________.

botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

  1. Barley

  2. Wheat

  3. Corn

  4. Sugarcane molasses

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Correct Option: A

Tissue culture medium is sterilised by

botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

  1. Antifungal agents

  2. Keeping at -20$^o$C

  3. Autoclaving at 120$^o$C for 15 minutes

  4. Filtering through fine sieve

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Tissue culture is the growth of cells or tissues separated from an organism. This is facilitated using a liquid, semi-solid medium which is sterilized so as to prevent the contamination by autoclaving them. It is a process whereby applying heat and pressure, microbes are killed in a container.

So, the correct answer is 'Autoclaving at 120-degree Celsius for 15 minutes'

Which of the following yeasts is used in the preparation of beer and wine?

botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

  1. Saccharomyces ludwigii

  2. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  3. Schizosaccharomyces

  4. Ashbya gossypii

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (common yeast) is a species of yeast. It is the most useful yeast, linked to wine making, baking and brewing. It is also called as baker's yeast or brewer's yeast.

In a microbiology laboratory, the technician uses heat to sterilise the nutrient solution that is used to grow 4. a fungus. When the heating system broke down, he sterilised the solution by passing It on a sterile environment) through a sterile filter with a pore size of 0.2 micrometers. When the fungus was grown on the filtered nutrient solution, it stopped growing and looked unhealthy within a few days. Which statements is the most likely explanation for the observed effects on the fungus ?

botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

  1. The nutrient solution contained a virus

  2. Heating makes the glucose in the nutrient solution more digestible

  3. Filtering removed one of the larger nutrients

  4. The nutrient solution contained a bacterium that was pathogenic to the fungus.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A) Viruses inhibit the growth of other organisms by entering the host organism and using its genetic material and nutrition to reproduce. Hence, the fungus stops growing.

B) The fungus absorbs glucose. Heating glucose will destroy it and the fungus will not be able to digest it.
C)  Glucose is a micro-molecule which passes through the filter. The fungus mainly requires glucose to survive. Filtering did not affect the fungus.
D) Bacteria are too large to penetrate the filter and hence cannot affect the fungus.
So the correct answer is 'The nutrient solution contained a virus'.

Which of the following is correct about mushroom?

biology biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

  1. Moss

  2. Fern

  3. Yeast

  4. Pine

  5. Seaweed

  6. Fungi

Show answer
Correct Option: F
Explanation:

Fungi are a separate class of microorganisms that reproduce by spores and are thus different from plants that require photosynthesis to make food for themselves. Fungi consist of molds, yeast, mildew, and mushrooms. It can be unicellular or multicellular. So all mushrooms are fungi, though not all fungi are mushrooms as there are much more types of fungi than mushrooms. Mushroom is not yeast.