Tag: method of plant breeding for crop improvement

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Multiple choice biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Steps to be followed by a plant breeder to get disease-resistant crops are.

  1. Screening of germplasm for disease resistant varieties.

  2. Hybridisation of selected parents.

  3. Selection and evaluation of the hybrids.

  4. Testing and release of new varieties.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The first step in breeding for disease resistance is identifying and screening the available germplasm to find sources of resistance that can be incorporated into commercial varieties.

Multiple choice biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Most herbicide interfere with

  1. Water absorption

  2. Translocation of sugar

  3. Photolysis of water
  4. ${ CO } _{ 2 }$ absorption
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Herbicides, also commonly known as weed killers, are pesticides used to kill unwanted plants. Selective herbicides kill specific targets, while leaving the desired crop relatively unharmed. Some of these act by interfering with the growth of the weed and are often synthetic mimics of natural plant hormones. A large number of different herbicide classes inhibit photosynthesis by binding to the quinone-binding protein, D-1, to prevent photosynthetic electron transfer. Mostly they interfere with photolysis of water. Thus, option C is correct. Herbicides does not interfere with water absorption, translocation of sugar and CO$ _{2}$ absorption. Thus, other options are wrong.

Multiple choice biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Virus free plant can be obtained through

  1. Grafting

  2. Callus culture

  3. Shoot tip culture

  4. Suspension culture
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The shoot tip culture used for obtaining disease free plant without genetical changes. The plant which affected by any contaminant mostly by viruses have saved by shoot tip culture, because shoot tip of any affected plant is less or free from contamination (viruses, bacteria, fungus or others). Plant shoot tip are more efficient to cultivation or differentiation in-vitro because cells of them newly generated and healthy comparison to other parts. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Himgiri developed by hybridisation and selection for disease resistance against rust pathogens is a variety of

  1. Wheat

  2. Chilli

  3. Maize

  4. Sugarcane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Himgiri is a wheat hybrid variety, which yields 26-30 qtls/ha. It is a disease resistance variety to stripe rust or yellow rust. This is Triticum aestivum species. The variety was developed by IARI. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Breeding for disease resistance requires

  1. A good source of resistance

  2. Planned hybridisation

  3. Disease test

  4. All the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Breeding for disease resistance is a comprehensive process that requires identifying a source of resistance, planning the hybridization, and rigorously testing the progeny for resistance.

Multiple choice biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Match the columns:

I II
a Mutation breeding 1 Johannsen
b Inbreeding depression 2 Karpechenko
c Pureline selection 3 Darwin
d Intergeneric hybridization 4 Staddler
5 Shull

  1. a-4, b-2, c-5, d-1

  2. a-4, b-5, c-2, d-1

  3. a-4, b-5, c-1, d-2

  4. a-5, b-4, c-1, d-2.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Mutation breeding is associated with Staddler (4), Inbreeding depression with Shull (5), Pureline selection with Johannsen (1), and Intergeneric hybridization with Karpechenko (2).

Multiple choice biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

The Ear cockier of wheat can be differentiated from Molya disease of wheat by the fact that in the former.

  1. Plants become dwarf, stem and leaves become twisted spike lets get distorted and grains get replaced by brown stony structures

  2. Plants become pale, leaves turn yellow with reddish lip, roots get matted and fail to ear

  3. Root tips swell and cyst adheres to roots that turn brown and fall

  4. Show hypertrophy of stern and leaves and roots swell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ear cockle of wheat is caused by the nematode Anguina tritici, which causes the formation of galls (brown stony structures) in place of grains and distorts the spikelets.

Multiple choice biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

State whether the following statement is true or false.
Ability of an organism to resist disease is called as host resistance.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Ambigous

  4. Data insufficient
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ability of an organism to resist disease is called host resistance. These plant varieties are developed under Integrated Pest Management to provide resistance against a particular variety of pest. 

Example Bt Cotton a transgenic plant which has resistance to a certain kind of disease called the boll disease.
So, the given statement is true.

Multiple choice biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Which one of the following is the indigenous breed of chickens ?

  1. plymouth rock

  2. white leghorn

  3. aseel

  4. rhode island red
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Aseel is a pure indigenous breed of chicken originated from India and Pakistan. They are used for cock fighting. They are very large breed of chicken from subcontinents. This breed is good in high yield of meat but it is not good for egg production. The average weight of cock varies from 4 to 5 kg and hens 3 to 4 kg.