Tag: cardinal number of a finite set

Questions Related to cardinal number of a finite set

Multiple choice maths introduction to set cardinal number of a finite set cardinality of a set representation of sets

A market research group conducted a survey of $2500$ consumers and reported that $1620$ consumers like product $p _{1}$ and $1500$ consumers like product $p _{2}$ then (Note $A$ and $B$ denotes the set of products $p _{1}$ and $p _{2}$ respectively)

  1. $\displaystyle n\left ( A \cup B \right )\geq 620$
  2. $\displaystyle n\left ( A \cap B \right )\leq 1500$
  3. $\displaystyle 620 \leq n\left ( A \cap B \right )\leq 1500$
  4. All of these

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

$n(A)  =1620, n(B) = 1500$

$\Rightarrow n(A\cap B) \leq min{n(A), n(B)} $

$\Rightarrow n(A\cap B) \leq 1500$

Also $n(A\cup B) \geq  n(A)+n(B) -n(U) =620$

 $n(A\cup B) \geq620$

Hence all options are correct.

Multiple choice maths introduction to set cardinal number of a finite set cardinality of a set representation of sets

In a community it is found that $52$% people like coffee and $73$% like tea. If $x\%$ like both coffee and tea then

  1. $\displaystyle x\geq 25$
  2. $\displaystyle x\leq 52$
  3. $\displaystyle 25\leq x\leq 52 $
  4. all of these

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let $A=$ number of people like coffee, $B=$ number of people like tea.


$\therefore \ n(A)=52$%  $ \ n(B) = 73$%


$\displaystyle n\left ( A\cap B \right ) =x$%

Let total people in the community =$100 \displaystyle = n\left ( U \right )$
 
$\displaystyle \therefore n\left ( A\cup B \right )\leq 100$ 

$\displaystyle n\left ( A \right )+n\left ( B \right )-n\left ( A\cap B \right )\leq 100$ 

$\displaystyle 52+73-x\leq 100$ 

$\Rightarrow \displaystyle 125-x\leq 100$ 

$\displaystyle\Rightarrow  \therefore x\geq 25$...(i)

Again $\displaystyle A\cap B\subseteq A$

$\displaystyle \Rightarrow n\left ( A\cap B \right )\leq n\left ( A \right )$ 

$\displaystyle x \leq 52$ ...(ii)

$\displaystyle

\therefore $ By (i) and (ii)$\displaystyle 25\leq x\leq 52$

Multiple choice maths introduction to set cardinal number of a finite set cardinality of a set representation of sets

Let $\displaystyle n\left ( u \right )=700,n\left ( A \right )=200, n\left ( B \right )=300, n\left (A\cap B \right )=100$, then $n\left ( A'\cap B' \right )=$

  1. $400$
  2. $600$
  3. $300$
  4. None of these

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

$\displaystyle n \left ( A' \cap B'\right )=n\left ( A\cup  B\right

)'$ $\displaystyle =n\left ( u \right )-n\left ( A\cup B \right

)$ $\displaystyle =n\left ( u \right )-\left {n \left ( A \right

)+n\left ( B \right )-n\left ( A\cap B \right ) \right

}$ $\displaystyle =700-\left { 200+300-100 \right }=300$

Multiple choice maths introduction to set cardinal number of a finite set cardinality of a set representation of sets

Let $A$ and $B$ be two sets such that $\displaystyle n\left( A \right) =70$ and $\displaystyle n\left( B \right) =60$ and $\displaystyle n\left( A \cup B \right) =110 $. Then $\displaystyle n\left( A \cap B \right) $ is equal to

  1. $240$
  2. $20$
  3. $100$
  4. $120$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Given $\displaystyle n\left( A \right) =70$ and $\displaystyle n\left( B \right) =60$ and $\displaystyle n\left( A\quad \cup \quad B \right) =110 $.

$\displaystyle n\left( A\quad \cup \quad B \right)=\displaystyle n\left( A \right)+n\left( B \right)-n\left( A\quad \cap \quad B \right)$

$\Rightarrow 110=70+60-\displaystyle n\left( A\quad \cap \quad B \right)$

$\therefore \displaystyle n\left( A\quad \cap \quad B \right)=20$

Hence, option B. 

Multiple choice maths introduction to set cardinal number of a finite set cardinality of a set representation of sets

Out of 100 students, 50 fail in English and 30 in Mathematics. It 12 students fail in both English and Mathematics, the number of students passing both these subjects is

  1. $8$
  2. $20$
  3. $32$
  4. $50$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

$n(A)=50,n(B)=30,n(A\cap B)=12,n(A\cup B)'=?$
No. of students failed in both subjects
$n(A\cup B)=(50-12)+(30-12)+12$
$=68$
$\therefore$ Req. No. of students passed in both subjects $=100-68=32$

Multiple choice maths introduction to set cardinal number of a finite set cardinality of a set representation of sets

Let $A$ and $B$ be two sets such that $n(A)=70, n(B)=60$ and $n(A\cup B)=110$. Then $n(A\cap B)$ is equal to-

  1. $240$
  2. $20$
  3. $100$
  4. $120$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

We know,  $n(A\cup B)=n(A)+n(B)-n(A\cap B)$


$\therefore  n(A\cap B)=n(A)+n(B)-n(A\cup B)$

                      $=70+60-110$

                      $=20$

Multiple choice maths introduction to set cardinal number of a finite set cardinality of a set representation of sets

Let $S$ be a set of all distinct numbers of the form $\dfrac{p}{q}$, where $p, q$ $\in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]$. What is the caardinality of the set $S$?

  1. $21$
  2. $23$
  3. $32$
  4. $36$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Total possible numbers of form $\dfrac { p }{ q } $ when $p\neq q$ is $={}^{ 6 }C _{ 2 }=30$

Numbers when $p=q$ is $={}^{ 6 }C _{ 1 }=6$

Therefore total numbers $30+6=36$

$\dfrac { 1 }{ 1 } =\dfrac { 2 }{ 2 } =\dfrac { 3 }{ 3 } =\dfrac { 4 }{ 4 } =\dfrac { 5 }{ 5 }= \dfrac { 6 }{ 6 } $      (five numbers deducted from caardinality of set) 

$\dfrac { 1 }{ 2 } =\dfrac { 2 }{ 4 } =\dfrac { 3 }{ 6 } $    (two numbers deducted from caardinality of set) 

$\dfrac { 2 }{ 1 } =\dfrac { 4 }{ 2 } =\dfrac { 6 }{ 3 } $     (two more  numbers deducted from caardinality of set) 

$\dfrac { 1 }{ 3 } =\dfrac { 2 }{ 6 } $          (one number deducted from caardinality of set) 

$\dfrac { 3 }{ 1 } =\dfrac { 6 }{ 2 } $          (one more number deducted from caardinality of set) 

$\dfrac { 2 }{ 3 } =\dfrac { 4 }{ 6 } $          (one number deducted from caardinality of set) 

$\dfrac { 3 }{ 2 } =\dfrac { 6 }{ 4 } $          (one more number deducted from caardinality of set) 

So, the caardiality of set $=36-5-2-2-1-1-1-1=23$.

So, option B is correct.

Multiple choice maths introduction to set cardinal number of a finite set cardinality of a set representation of sets

$n[P(A)] = 16$, then $n(A) =$ ________

  1. $1$
  2. $2$
  3. $3$
  4. $4$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

If $A$ is a set. Then, $n(A)$ is called cardinal number of the set A = number of elements in set A.

$P(A)$ is called power set of $A$. Power set $= P(A) =$ set of all subsets of set $A$

We know that if number of elements in set $A$ is $n$

$n(A) = n$

Number of subsets of power set $= 2 ^n$

Given,

$n[ P(A)] = 16$

$2^n = 16$

$2 ^n = 2 ^4$

Therefore, $n = 4$