Tag: pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

Questions Related to pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

Which of the following is false fruit?

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo fruits and seeds fruit and its type fertilization events

  1. Groundnut

  2. Mustard, Mango

  3. Citrus

  4. Apple, strawberry

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Correct Option: D

Endosperm is absent in

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo fruits and seeds fruit and its type fertilization events

  1. Podostemonaceae

  2. Orchidaceae

  3. Trapaceae

  4. All the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
During double fertilization, the fusion of one sperm with the egg cell forms the embryo and that of the other sperm with a polar nucleus gives rise to the endosperm. The families that lack an endosperm include Orchidaceae, Podostemaceae, and Trapaceae.

So, the correct answer is 'All the above'.

The fleshy edible part of an apple is

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo fruits and seeds fruit and its type fertilization events

  1. thalamus

  2. nucellus

  3. ovary

  4. endosperm

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

If a fruit is formed from any other part of the flower  than the ovary, then such a fruit is termed as false fruit. In apple the thallamus of the flower forms the edible part or the fruit.

So, the correct option is 'Option A'.

Name the types of pollination which ensures genetic variation?

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo types of pollination cross pollination pollination and its types

  1. Parthenocarpy

  2. Cross pollination

  3. Tissue culture

  4. Insects

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • Transfer of pollen grains from the male reproductive organ (anther) of one plant to the female reproductive organ (stigma) of another plant. 
  • Insects and wind are the main agents of cross-pollination.
  • Thus, it creates genetic variations in the plants making it more resistant to diseases and other conditions than the parent plants.

The correct answer is OPTION B.

Allogamy is very useful because it results in ...............

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo types of pollination cross pollination pollination and its types

  1. Formation of male off-springs

  2. Weaker progeny

  3. Superior progeny

  4. formation of seeds

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Allogamy is also called as cross pollination. In the case of allogamy, the pollen from a flower falls on the flower of a different plant. This causes the genetic recombinations to take place. This is not possible in any other type of pollinations. Thus it produces the superior progeny.

During breeding, the removal of anthers from a flower is called as

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo types of pollination cross pollination pollination and its types

  1. Anthesis

  2. Pollination

  3. Emasculation

  4. Vasectomy

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Emasculation involves the removal of stamens from bisexual flowers of the female parents in order to avoid self-pollination in these flowers. It is done before the anthers mature. If in a condition the female parent bears bisexual flowers, then elimination of anthers from the flower bud before the anther dehisces by means of a pair of forceps is necessary. This step is called as emasculation.

Cross-pollination is advantageous because it results in

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo types of pollination cross pollination pollination and its types

  1. Formation of weaker progeny

  2. Formation of better progeny

  3. Formation of male off-spring

  4. Formation of female offspring

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cross-pollination is advantageous because it results in formation of better progeny. The transfer of pollen from the male reproductive organ (an anther or a male cone) of one plant to the female reproductive organ (a stigma or a female cone) of another plant. Insects and wind are agents of cross-pollination.

Advantages of cross pollination:
  • Progeny shows enhanced vigor.
  • Offsprings are more viable and resistant.
  • There is a possibility to get new desirable characters.
  • Yield of crop can be maintained.
  • It helps in evolution.
  • Undesirable characters of the plant can be eliminated.

In plant breeding / hybridization, removal of stamens in the early stage of bisexual flower is practiced and it is known as

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo types of pollination cross pollination pollination and its types

  1. Emasculation

  2. Crossing

  3. Sterilization

  4. Pure-line selection

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • Emasculation is the removal of anthers in a bisexual flower to prevent self-pollination. 
  • The female reproductive part is not involved in this process. It is a technique used by plant breeders to obtain the desired variety by crossing a plant with the desired pollen grain obtained by emasculation. 

Thus the correct answer is option A.

Select the correct pair of a statement.
A. Flowers are said to be unisexual when it contains either stamens or carpels.
B. Flower are said to be bisexual when both stamens or carpels are present.
C. If the transfer of pollen occurs in the same flower, it is referred to as cross-pollination.
D. If the pollen is transferred from one flower to another it is known as self-pollination.

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo types of pollination cross pollination pollination and its types

  1. A and B

  2. C and D

  3. A and C

  4. B and D

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Cross-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive organ (an anther or a male cone) of one plant to the female reproductive organ (a stigma or a female cone) of another plant. Insects and the wind are the main agents of cross-pollination. 

Self-pollination is the transfer of pollen from a male reproductive structure (an anther or male cone) to a female reproductive structure (a stigma or female cone) of the same plant or of the same flower. 
Flowers are said to be unisexual when it contain either stamens or carpels.
Flower are said to be bisexual when both stamens or carpels are present.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Which of the following statements is true with reference to cross pollination?

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo types of pollination cross pollination pollination and its types

  1. It most often results in higher yield of plants.

  2. It occurs only in unisexual flowers.

  3. It can fail to occur due to distance.

  4. It requires production of large number of pollen grains.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cross pollination: The transfer of pollen from the anthers of one flower to the stigma of another flower by the action of wind, insects, etc. It requires production of large number of pollen grains. Progeny shows enhanced vigor.
Offsprings are more viable and resistant. There is a possibility to get new desirable characters. Yield of crop can be maintained. It helps in evolution.
Undesirable characters of the plant can be eliminated.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.