Tag: life processes: control and coordination

Questions Related to life processes: control and coordination

.................. is a part of the brain involved in memory, emotion and fear.

biology life processes: control and coordination structure and function of brain human brain nervous and endocrine system in humans

  1. Amygdala

  2. Limbic System

  3. Thalamus

  4. Hippocampus

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • Amygdala is a part of the telencephalon, located in the temporal lobe, involved in memory, emotion, and fear. 
  • The amygdala is both large and just beneath the surface of the front, medial part of the temporal lobe where it causes the bulge on the surface called the uncus. 
  • This is a component of the limbic system. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Information from the ear first enters the .......... of the brain.

biology life processes: control and coordination structure and function of brain human brain nervous and endocrine system in humans

  1. Medulla

  2. Pons

  3. Brain stem

  4. Thalamus

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • Pons is a part of the metencephalon in the hindbrain. It is involved in motor control and sensory analysis. 
  • For example, information from the ear first enters the brain in the pons. It has parts that are important for the level of consciousness and for sleep. 
  • Some structures within the pons are linked to the cerebellum, thus are involved in movement. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Outermost covering of brain is 

biology life processes: control and coordination structure and function of brain human brain nervous and endocrine system in humans

  1. Piamater

  2. Duramater

  3. Choroid

  4. Arachnoid

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The meninges are the layers that are closely present around the brain. The dura mater is an outermost tough and fibrous layer. It closely lines the cranium. It is followed by the arachnoid mater that forms the middle meninx. The piamater is the innermost meninx which adheres closely to the surface of the brain. It is highly vascular due to the rich supply of the blood vessels. So, it provides oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the brain. 

Hence, the correct answer is 'Duramater'

Which of the following is richly supplied with blood capillaries?
biology life processes: control and coordination structure and function of brain human brain nervous and endocrine system in humans

  1. Duramater

  2. Arachnoid

  3. Piamater

  4. Epidermis

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The meninges are the layers that are closely present around the brain. The dura mater is an outermost tough and fibrous layer. It is followed by the arachnoid mater that forms the middle meninx. The piamater is the innermost meninx which adheres closely to the surface of the brain. It is highly vascular due to the rich supply of the blood vessels. So, it provides oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the brain.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Piamater'

Match the following.

A. IAA (i) Herring sperm DNA
B. ABA (ii) Bolting
C. Ethylene (iii) Stomatal closure
D. GA (iv) Weed-free lawns
E. Cytokinins (v) Ripening of fruits
biology life processes: control and coordination control and coordination in plants growth in plants chemical coordination in plants animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

  1. A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(v), D-(ii), E-(i)

  2. A-(v), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(ii), E-(i)

  3. A-(iv), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii), E-(ii)

  4. A-(v), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(i), E-(iv)

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

IAA is an auxin but has potential role of herbicide and weedicide. ABA is stress inducing plant growth regular. It can induce closure of stomata, Ethylene on other hand increases climactic rate and hence used for fruit ripening, GA or gibberlic acid are known to cause bolting in crucifers. Cytokinins were first isolated from Herring sperm DNA.

Thus, the correct answer is 'A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(v), D-(ii), E-(i).'

Which of the following is a plant hormone?

biology life processes: control and coordination control and coordination in plants growth in plants chemical coordination in plants animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

  1. Insulin

  2. Thyroxin

  3. Oestrogen

  4. Cytokinin

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Insulin is secreted by Islets of Langerhans of the pancreas and serves to lower the blood glucose level by stimulating the uptake of glucose by cells, specifically muscle cells, liver cells and adipose tissues cells. 

Thyroxine is a thyroid hormone which targets all tissues and stimulates metabolic rate, growth and development. 
Oestrogen is the female sex hormone secreted by developing follicles in the ovary. It serves to stimulate the growth of the uterus and the vagina, is necessary for egg maturation as well as for the development of the secondary sex characteristics in females. Thus, options A, B and C are incorrect as these hormones are animal hormones. 
Cytokinins are the plant growth hormones that regulate the cell division in root and shoot of the plant both in vivo and in-vitro.
So, the correct answer is 'Cytokinin' 

Which one is paired incorrectly?

biology life processes: control and coordination control and coordination in plants growth in plants chemical coordination in plants animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

  1. Auxin - Isolated from human urine

  2. Zeatin - Isolated from corn kernels and coconut milk

  3. Gibberellins - Isolated from fungus G. fujikori

  4. Abscisic acid - Isolated from ripened oranges

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Kogl et al. (1931) isolated auxin from human urine called heteroauxin which was identified as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA).
Zeatin is a cytokinin-like substance isolated and crystallised by Letham (1963-65) from milky endosperm of corn (Zea mays). It also occurs in coconut milk.
Yabuta and Sumiki (1938) isolated a chemical substance from the cultural filtrate of fungus Gibberella fujikuroi in crystalline form and named it gibberellic acid.
Cousins (1910) found that ripe oranges produced a volatile substance that hastened ripening of unriped bananas nearby. With the help of gas chromatography, it was found that the ripening causing volatile substance was ethylene.
So, the correct answer is 'Abscisic acid - Isolated from ripened oranges'.

To speed up the malting process in brewing industry the growth hormone used is ____________.

biology life processes: control and coordination control and coordination in plants growth in plants chemical coordination in plants animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

  1. auxin

  2. gibberellin

  3. kinetin

  4. ethylene.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Gibberellins are used to speed up the malting process in brewing industry. They increase the yield of malt from barley grains.

Read the given statements and identify the plant hormones X, Y and Z.
(i) Hormone Y suppresses flowering in mango and also promotes rapid internode/petiole elongation in deep water rice plants and hence helping leaves or upper part of shoot to remain above water.
(ii) Hormone X promotes root growth and root hair formation.
(ii) Hormone Z inhibits the seed germination, increases the tolerance of plant to various stresses, play important role in seed development maturation and dormancy.

biology life processes: control and coordination control and coordination in plants growth in plants chemical coordination in plants animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

  1. Y-ABA, X-Auxin, Z-GA

  2. Y-$C _2H _4$, X-Auxin, Z-GA

  3. Y-Auxin, X-$C _2H _4$, Z-GA

  4. Y-GA, X-auxin, Z-ABA

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

i) Gibberilic Acid (GA) suppresses flowering in mango, GA$ _3$, it is applied periodically to mango plants in their 1-4 yrs of growth to inhibit flowering and promote vegetative growth. GA plays a role in internode elongation in submerged parts of the rice plant.

Auxin along with cytokinin promotes root growth and root hair formation.
ABA is a stress hormones, it protects the plant from unfavorable environmental conditions, by preventing seed germination (due to oxygen deficit, water stress etc).
So, the correct answer is 'Y-GA, X-auxin, Z-ABA'

Read the given statements and select the option that is/are incorrect ones.


(i) Cytokinin is primarily concerned with cell division.
(ii) $C _2H _4$ breaks seed and bud dormancy.
(iii) ABA stimulates the opening of stomata.
(iv) $C _2H _4$ initiates germination in peanut seeds, sprouting of potato tubers.
(v) ABA is synergistic to GA.

biology life processes: control and coordination control and coordination in plants growth in plants chemical coordination in plants animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

  1. (i), (ii) and (iv)

  2. (iii) and (ii)

  3. (iii) and (v)

  4. (iv) and (v)

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

ABA is regarded as the stress hormone or a growth inhibitor. In conditions of water stress ABA initiates closure of stomata to prevent water loss through transpiration. It is antagonistic to GA as the latter promotes seed germination,  while ABA prevents seed germination.

So, the correct answer is ' (iii) and (v)'