Tag: biological oxidation

Questions Related to biological oxidation

Which of the following is a non - redox process ?

bio-chemistry biological oxidation classical idea of redox reactions oxidation reduction redox reaction

  1. $ SO _{4}^{2-}\rightarrow SO _{3} $

  2. $ Cr _{2}O _{7}^{2-}\rightarrow CrO _{4}^{2-} $

  3. $ PO _{4}^{3-}\rightarrow P _{2}O _{7}^{4-} $

  4. $ C _{2}O _{4}^{-2}\rightarrow CO _{2} $

Show answer
Correct Option: A,B,C
Explanation:

In Redox reaction oxidation state changes  


(a) In $ SO _{4}^{-2}, $ Its $ S^{+6} $
In $ SO _{3}, $ Its $ S^{+6}$
$ \therefore$ In $SO _{4}^{-2}\rightarrow SO _{3},$ there is no change 
in oxidation state of $ O^{+5}$
$ \therefore $ Non- redox reaction 

(b) In $ Cr _{2}O _{7}^{-2} $
Lets oxidation state of Cr be x 
$ \therefore 2(x)+7(-2) = -2 $
$ \therefore 2x+(-14) = -2 $
$ \therefore 2x = 12 $
$ \therefore x = 16 $

In $ CrO _{4}^{-2} $ 

Let oxidation Sate of Cr be y
$ y+4(-2) = -2 $
$ y-8 = -2 $
$ y = +6 $
$ \therefore $ oxidation of Cr remain same 
$ \therefore $ Non- redox Readtion

(C) In $ PO _{4}^{-3}, $ Its $ P^{+} $
and In $ P _{2}O _{7}^{-4} $
Let oxidation sate of P be x 
$ 2x+7(-2) = -4 $
$ 2x-14 = -4 $
$ \therefore 2x = 10 $  $ \therefore $ Non - redox Reaction 
$ \therefore x = 5 $

(d) In $ C _{2}O _{4}^{-2},$ Its $ C^{+3}$
In $ Co _{2},$ Its $ C^{+4} $  $ \therefore $ Redox reaction 

Hence, the correct options are $\text{A}$, $\text{B}$ and $\text {C}$

Who am I?

bio-chemistry biological oxidation chemiosmotic hypothesis living organisms and energy production mechanism of photosynthesis

  1. I am ATP producing factory

  2. I am single layered, but maintain cellular osmotic pressure

  3. I support the cell, but I am not cell wall I have a body resembling net

  4. I am chemical factory of the cell

  5. Leaves are green because of me

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Correct Option: A

How many ATP molecules will be produced when one molecule of 3-phosphosphoglyceric acid is completely oxidised : 

bio-chemistry biological oxidation chemiosmotic hypothesis living organisms and energy production mechanism of photosynthesis

  1. 16

  2. 32

  3. 64

  4. 48

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Correct Option: A

How many ATP molecules are produced after complete oxidation of one molecule of fructose-1, 6-bis-phosphate ?

bio-chemistry biological oxidation chemiosmotic hypothesis living organisms and energy production mechanism of photosynthesis

  1. 40

  2. 32

  3. 38

  4. 44

Show answer
Correct Option: A

During photosynthesis 

bio-chemistry biological oxidation chemiosmotic hypothesis living organisms and energy production mechanism of photosynthesis

  1. $O _{2}$ evolved comes from $CO _{2}$

  2. ATP is formed

  3. ATP is not formed

  4. Water is required as medium but it does not take part in photosynthesis

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Photosynthesis is an anabolic process, which helps in forming ATP, where it is called as energy currency. During the light reaction photophosphorylation takes place producing ATP and $NADPH _2$ which is used as energy source for dark reaction.

ATP synthesis proposed by Peter Mitchell is 

bio-chemistry biological oxidation chemiosmotic hypothesis living organisms and energy production mechanism of photosynthesis

  1. Phosphorylation

  2. Photophosphorylation

  3. Oxidative phosphorylation

  4. Chemiosmotic synthesis

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Peter Mitchell proposed a theory to explain the production of ATP which is 'Mitchell's chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis'. According to this theory:

  1. Inner membrane of mitochondria acts as a transducer of energy and converts energy to chemical energy of ATP along the electrochemical gradient.
  2. Inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to NADH, ATP, H+, OH-.
  3. ATP synthesis and electron transport are coupled with proton gradient.
So the answer is 'Chemiosmotic synthesis'.

Energy required to synthesise ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate is

bio-chemistry biological oxidation chemiosmotic hypothesis living organisms and energy production mechanism of photosynthesis

  1. 2500 cal

  2. 7600 cal

  3. 12000 cal

  4. 20000 cal

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Correct Option: B

ATP is injected in cyanide poisoning because it is

bio-chemistry biological oxidation chemiosmotic hypothesis living organisms and energy production mechanism of photosynthesis

  1. Necessary for cellular functions

  2. Necessary for $Na^+$ - $K^+$ pump

  3. $Na^+$ - $K^+$ pump operates at the cell membranes

  4. ATP breaks down cyanide

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Correct Option: A

Chemiosmotic hypothesis given by Peter Mitchell proposes the mechanism of

bio-chemistry biological oxidation chemiosmotic hypothesis living organisms and energy production mechanism of photosynthesis

  1. Synthesis of ATP.

  2. Synthesis of FADH$ _2$.

  3. Synthesis of NADH.

  4. Synthesis of NADPH.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Peter Mitchell proposed a hypothesis known as the chemiosmotic hypothesis that an electrochemical concentration gradient of protons across a membrane could be utilized to make ATP. He linked this process to osmosis, the diffusion of water across a membrane, this is the reason it is called chemiosmosis.

So the correct option is 'Synthesis of ATP'.

Light reaction in stroma lamellae of chloroplast results in the production of

bio-chemistry biological oxidation chemiosmotic hypothesis living organisms and energy production mechanism of photosynthesis

  1. ATP

  2. NADPH$ _2$

  3. ATP + NADPH$ _2$

  4. O$ _2$

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A) Along with ATP, ${ NADPH } _{ 2 }$ is also produced.
B) Along with ${ NADPH } _{ 2 }$, ATP is also produced.

C) The light reaction that takes place in the stroma lamellae is the non-cyclic phosphorylation and ATP and ${ NADPH } _{ 2 }$ are the products.
D) Oxygen is also liberated during the light reaction but is not the main product.
So the correct answer is 'ATP + ${ NADPH } _{ 2 }$'.