Tag: plant and animal cell

Questions Related to plant and animal cell

The plant cells central vacuole

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. Provides the plant cell with support

  2. Stores nutrients and cellular waste products

  3. Is a reservoir for water

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
In plant cells, there is a centrally located large vacuole. This vacuole serves as the reservoir of water and sometimes wastes. It also provides the plant cell with structural support and also reserves nutrients.

So, the correct answer is 'all of the above'.

Plant cells need a protective cell wall around their cells because

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. they are far more important than the animal cells

  2. they cannot move and protect themselves from the extreme weather conditions

  3. they are prokaryotic cells

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Eukaryotic cells, in addition to the nucleus, have many membrane-bound organelles like the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies etc. Such membrane-bound organelles are absent in the Prokaryotic cells

Casparian Strips are found on the

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. Walls of pericycle cells

  2. Walls of endodermal cells

  3. Walls of epidermal cells

  4. Walls of bundle sheath cells

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Endodermis is the innermost layer of the cortex. It is made up of barrel-shaped cells which do not enclose intercellular spaces. The young endodermal cells possess a ligno suberised  thickenings called casparian strip s or casparina bands which runs along their radial and tangential walls.
So the correct option is 'Walls of endodermal cells'.

The barrier between protoplasm and other environment in a plant cell is 

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. Cell wall

  2. Nuclear membrane

  3. Tonoplast

  4. Plasma membrane

Show answer
Correct Option: A,D
Explanation:

In the plant cell, plasma membrane and cell wall both are present, both act as a barrier between protoplasm and the outer environment.

Nuclear membrane act as a barrier between nucleoplasm and cytoplasm.
Tonoplast is the membrane of the vacuole and acts as the barrier between the vacuole sap and the protoplasm of the cell. In animal cell plasma membrane act as the barrier between protoplasm and the environment. Because animal cell lack the cell wall.
So, the correct answer is ' Cell wall & plasma membrane '

A plant cell has

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. Cell wall

  2. A number of small vacuoles

  3. A few large vacuoles

  4. A single central vacuole

  5. Both A and D

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

  • A plant cell has a cell wall and single central vacuole.
  • Plant cells are eukaryotic cells that differ in several key aspects from the cells of other eukaryotic organisms. 
  • Their distinctive features include:
  • A large central vacuole
  • A cell wall composed of cellulose and hemicellulose
  • Specialized cell-to-cell communication pathways known as plasmodesmata
Plastids

When a plant cell is placed in pure water, it?

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. Expands until the osmotic pressure reaches that of water

  2. Becomes less turgid until the osmotic potential reaches that of pure water

  3. Becomes more turgid until the pressure potential of cell reaches its osmotic potential

  4. Becomes more turgid until the osmotic potential reaches that of pure water

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Plant cells are enclosed by a rigid cell wall. When the plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, it takes up water by osmosis and starts to swell, but the cell wall prevents it from bursting. The plant cell is said to have become "turgid" i.e. swollen and hard. The pressure inside the cell rises until this internal pressure is equal to the pressure outside. This liquid or hydrostatic pressure called the turgor pressure prevents further net intake of water.
So the correct answer is 'becomes more turgid until the pressure potential of the cell reaches its osmotic potential'.

Draw well labelled diagram of the following

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. plant cell

  2. Animal cell

  3. prokaryotic cell

  4. Nerve cell

  5. striated and smooth muscles

Show answer
Correct Option: A

In a plant cell, O.P. is equal to?

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. T.P. $-$ D. P.D.

  2. D. P. D. $-$ T.P.

  3. T.P. $-$ D.P.

  4. D. P.D. $+$ T.P.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
When a plant cell is placed in hypotonic solution, water enters into a cell by osmosis and as a result turgor pressure develops. The cell membrane gets stretched and osmotic pressure of cell decreases. As cell absorbs more and more water its TP increases and OP decreases. When a cell is fully turgid, its OP is equal to TP and DPD is zero. The turgid cell cannot absorb any more water. Thus, with reference to a plant cell, the DPD can be described as actual thirst of the cell for water and can be expressed as DPD=OP-TP. When DPD is zero, entry of water will stop. Thus it is DPD that tends to equate and represents water absorbing ability of a cell, it is also called suction force (SF) or suction pressure (SP). 
Therefore, the correct answer is option D. 

The inclusion like raphides, druses and sphaeraphides can be mainly found in which of the following cells?

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. Prokaryotic

  2. Protozoan cells

  3. Hygrophytic plant cells

  4. Xerophytic plant cells

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Plant cells sometimes form mineral crystals. Calcium carbonate occurs as a mass of crystals around a cellulose core to form cystolith (eg, leaf of Banyan). In several plants, calcium oxalate forms needle-like raphides, prismatic crystals, star-shaped sphaeraphides or Druses or powdery mass named as crystal sand.

Xerophytes, in general, possess hypertonic cell sap and have higher mineral content which favours accumulation and formation of inorganic crystals.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

The percentage of water in a typical plant cell is about 

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. 10%

  2. 20%

  3. 50%

  4. 80%

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Plants are made up of water, organic and inorganic substances. Water makes the majority of the volume of the plant cell. Water comprises of 80-90 percent of the plant's total weight. Water is used to support the cell structure, for metabolic functions, to carry the nutrients and for photosynthesis.