Tag: disorders of kidney

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Questions Related to disorders of kidney

Multiple choice biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

Uraemia is the occurrence of

  1. Blood in urine

  2. Excess of urea in blood

  3. Excess of sugar in blood

  4. Deficiency of sugar
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Uremia is caused by extreme and usually irreversible damage to your kidneys. This is usually from chronic kidney disease. The kidneys are no longer able to filter the waste from your body and send it out through your urine. Instead, that waste gets into your bloodstream, causing a potentially life-threatening condition.

So, the correct option is 'Excess of urea in blood'.

Multiple choice biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

Haemodialysis helps the patient having

  1. Goitre

  2. Anaemia

  3. Uremia

  4. Diabetes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Hemodialysis is the most common type of dialysis. This process uses an artificial kidney (hemodialyzer) to remove waste and extra fluid from the blood. The blood is removed from the body and filtered through the artificial kidney. The filtered blood is then returned to the body with the help of a dialysis machine.

So, the correct option is 'Uremia'.

Multiple choice biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

Chemical composition of renal calculi, besides uric acid is

  1. Bile salts

  2. Barium chloride

  3. Zinc sulphate

  4. Calcium oxalate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Approximately 70-80% of kidney stones are composed of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate. Of the rest, 10% are struvite, 10% of uric acid; and less than 1% are composed of cystine or are diagnosed as drug-related stones. Calcium and uric acid stones are more common in men; women have more struvite stones.
So, the correct option is 'Calcium oxalate'.
Multiple choice biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

Renal calculi are formed due to

  1. Calcium oxalate crystals accumulation

  2. Bacterial infection

  3. Clotting of blood

  4. Presence of hard particles in food
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Kidney stones are also called urine calculi. Urine calculi are small stones which are hard deposit in the kidneys and cause pain when are passed through the urinary stream. They are formed often to do accumulation of calcium oxalate crystals.

So, the correct answer is 'Option A'.

Multiple choice biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

Urine calculi are

  1. Bile pigments

  2. Protein particles

  3. Ketones

  4. Small stones
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Kidney stones are also called urine calculi. Urine calculi are small stones which are hard deposit in the kidneys and cause pain when are passed through the urinary stream. They are often calcium oxalate crystals.

So, the correct answer is 'Small stones"

Multiple choice biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

Identify correctly matched pairs.
1. Uremia- Excessive amount of urea in blood
2. Hyperglycemia- Excess glucose in blood
3. Absence of factor VIII- Haemophilia
4. X-linked disorder- Glycosuria

  1. 1, 2, 3 correct

  2. 1, 2 correct

  3. 2, 4 correct

  4. 1, 3 correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
1. Uremia is the condition in which there is excess urea present in the body. It occurs when there is decreased excretion of urea in the kidney.
2. Hyperglycemia is the condition of excess glucose in blood. It can occur due to factor like decreased level of insulin in blood.
3. Factor VIII is known as anti-haemophilic factor. Deficiency of this factor causes classical haemophilia in which blood clot formation does not occur and the bleeding continues.
4. Glycosuria is the presence of glucose in urine. This indicates abnormal absorption of glucose in the renal tubules.
Hence, 1,2 and 3 options are correctly matched pairs.
So, the correct answer is '1, 2, 3 correct'. 
Multiple choice biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

Which of the following disease shows the blockage of kidney tubules and causes severe back pain?

  1. Nephtritis

  2. Kidney failure

  3. Uremia

  4. Renal calculi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Renal calculi or kidney stone is a solid piece of material blocking the passage of urine in ureter. It leads to pain usually in lower back and then growing in groin area.

Multiple choice biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

Black urine disease is due to

  1. Absence of alkapton oxidase

  2. Absence of homogentisic acid

  3. Metabolism of phenylalanine

  4. Metabolism of tyrosine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Black urine disease, or alkaptonuria, is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (alkapton oxidase). This deficiency leads to the accumulation of homogentisic acid, which turns black upon oxidation in urine.