Tag: growth and development in young people

Keratomalacia is a severe eye condition resulting from advanced Vitamin A deficiency, where the cornea becomes soft and opaque.

Golden rice is a genetically modified variety of rice engineered to produce beta-carotene, which the body converts to Vitamin A, helping to prevent blindness in areas where rice is a staple food.

Each segment in the strobila of tapeworm, containing a complete sexually mature reproductive system is proglottid.

Rickets: This condition is due to a lack of vitamin D, which causes the body to be unable to absorb or deposit calcium.

Hence, Option D is correct.

Hypochromic (pale) and microcytic (small) anemia is typically caused by iron deficiency. Macrocytic anemia is usually caused by Vitamin B12 or folate deficiency. Given the options, iron deficiency is the most common cause of hypochromic anemia.

Pernicious anaemia marked by a decrease in the number of red blood cells which is caused by a reduced ability to absorb vitamin $B _{12}$.

Iodine is a critical component of thyroid hormones. A deficiency in iodine prevents the thyroid from producing enough hormone, leading to its enlargement, known as a goiter.

Anaemia is most commonly caused by a deficiency of iron (Fe), which is essential for the production of hemoglobin in red blood cells. While other minerals are important for health, iron deficiency is the primary nutritional cause of anaemia.

Goitre is an enlargement of the thyroid gland, which is most commonly caused by a deficiency of iodine in the diet. Iodine is a critical component required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones.

Pernicious anaemia is a type of macrocytic anaemia caused by the inability to absorb vitamin B12, often due to a lack of intrinsic factor. It is considered particularly harmful because it can lead to severe neurological complications if left untreated.