Tag: botany

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Questions Related to botany

Multiple choice botany internal structure of root, stem and leaf internal structure of monocot root internal structure of root(dicot and monocot) anatomy of root

Polyarch and exarch vascular bundles are the characteristic of

  1. Dicot stem

  2. Dicot root

  3. Monocot stem

  4. Monocot root
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Monocot root vascular bundles are radial in arrangement. There are eight bundles each of xylem and phloem. Hence, the condition is described as polyarch. Xylem is described as exarch in them. 

Monocot stem vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral and closed. Xylem is endarch in them. Presence of only two protoxylem and two metaxylem vessels in each bundle. 
Dicot root vascular bundles are described as radial and tetrarch. There are four bundles each of xylem and phloem occurring alternately. Xylem is described as exarch. 
Dicot stem vascular bundles are eight in number, arranged in form of a broken ring. The vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral and open. Xylem is on the inner surface and phloem on the outer surface. Xylem is described as endarch. Thus, option D is correct.

Multiple choice botany internal structure of root, stem and leaf internal structure of monocot root internal structure of root(dicot and monocot) anatomy of root

Which of the following is correct sequence of layers in typical monocot root from outside to inside?

  1. Pericycle, cortex, endodermis, epiblema

  2. Epiblema, endodermis, cortex, pericycle

  3. Epiblema, cortex, endodermis, pericycle

  4. Epiblema, pericycle, cortex, endodermis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The sequence of layers in typical monocot root from outer surface to inside is epiblema, cortex, endodermis, stele, pericycle, conjunctive tissue, pith and vascular bundles. Thus, option C is correct.

Multiple choice botany internal structure of root, stem and leaf internal structure of monocot root internal structure of root(dicot and monocot) anatomy of root

Passage cells are more distinct in endodermis of

  1. Dicot stem

  2. Monocot stem

  3. Dicot root

  4. Monocot root
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Passage cells are endodermal cells of older monocot roots which have retained thin walls and Casparian strips rather than becoming suberized and waterproof like the other cells around them, to continue to allow some symplastic flow to the inside. Experimental evidence suggests that passage cells function to allow transfer of solutes such as calcium and magnesium into the stele, in order to eventually reach the transpiration system. For the most part, however, old roots seal themselves off at the endodermis, and only serve as a passageway for water and minerals taken up by younger roots "downstream". Passage cells are absent in dicot roots, monocot stem and dicot stem.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice botany internal structure of root, stem and leaf internal structure of monocot root internal structure of root(dicot and monocot) anatomy of root

Passage cells are found in

  1. Monocot root

  2. Monocot stem

  3. Aerial root

  4. Dicot stem
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Passage cells are endodermal cells of older roots which have retained thin walls and Casparian strips rather than becoming suberized and waterproof like the other cells around them, to continue to allow some symplastic flow to the inside. Passage cells function to allow transfer of solutes, such as calcium and magnesium into the stele, in order to eventually reach the transpiration system. 

Multiple choice botany internal structure of root, stem and leaf internal structure of monocot root internal structure of root(dicot and monocot) anatomy of root

Exarch and polyarch xylem strands are found in

  1. Monocot stem

  2. Dicot stem

  3. Monocot root

  4. Dicot root
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In monocot root vascular bundles are radial in arrangement. There are eight bundles each of xylem and phloem. Hence, the condition is described as polyarch. Xylem is described as exarch in monocot root.

Multiple choice botany internal structure of root, stem and leaf internal structure of monocot root internal structure of root(dicot and monocot) anatomy of root

A common character of monocot and dicot roots is

  1. Exarch protoxylem

  2. Endarch xylem

  3. Number of xylem strands

  4. Occurrence of secondary growth
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The anatomy of dicot root and monocot root more or less similar in majority of characters. They are epidermis, general cortex, endodermis, type of vascular bundles, nature of xylem.

The common characters appear between the anatomy of dicot root and monocot root are 
Presence of single-layered epidermis
Presence of parenchymatous general cortex
Presence of single-layered endodermis with Casparian bands.
Presence of radial vascular bundles
Presence of exarch xylem.
So, the correct option is 'Exarch protoxylem'.

Multiple choice botany internal structure of root, stem and leaf internal structure of monocot root internal structure of root(dicot and monocot) anatomy of root

Pick u the wrong differences between dicot and monocot root.

Character Dicot Root Monocot Root
(a) Activity of pericycle Lateral root production Secondary growth and cambium
(b) Vascular bundle Diarch to tetrarch Polyarch
(c) Cambium Lateral, developed Absent
(d) Pith Well developed Poorly developed

  1. b, d

  2. a, c

  3. a, d

  4. a, b
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

a) Wrong – because in dicot root pericycle is meant for production of lateral roots and cambium whereas in monocot root it is pericycle is meant for lateral production only.

b) True – In dicot root stele is diarch to tetrarch, whereas in monocot root, stele is polyarchy.

c) True – In dicot root, cambium is developed laterally, whereas in monocot root, cambium is absent.

d) False – because, in dicot root is pith is poorly developed, whereas in monocot root pith is well developed.

So, the correct option is ‘a,d’.

Multiple choice botany internal structure of root, stem and leaf internal structure of monocot root internal structure of root(dicot and monocot) anatomy of root
Which plant part possesses polyarch condition of vascular bundles with a well developed pith?

  1. Dicot root

  2. Monocot root

  3. Dicot stem

  4. Monocot stem
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A monocot root possesses polyarch (more than 4) condition of vascular bundle, here the vascular bundles are radial, closed with exarch condition of the xylem, embedded in the ground tissue that has a well developed central region or the pith or medulla.

So, the correct answer is 'Monocot root'

Multiple choice botany internal structure of root, stem and leaf internal structure of monocot root internal structure of root(dicot and monocot) anatomy of root
Polyarch vascular bundles generally occur in

  1. Monocot stem

  2. Dicot stem

  3. Dicot root

  4. Monocot root
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Polyarch vascular bundle (more than 4)  is observed in monocot root. The vascular bundle is radial and closed, with exarch condition of the xylem. 

So, the correct answer is 'Monocot root'