Tag: botany

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Questions Related to botany

Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

Pyrilla is a

  1. A character of ancient Greek mythology

  2. An insect pest

  3. Disease of teeth and gums

  4. A building heated by solar energy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Pyrilla is the most destructive foliage-sucking pest of sugarcane. Heavy rainfall followed by 75-80% humidity, intermittent drought periods, high temperature (26-300c) and wind movement favours rapid build-up of the pest. Cane yield loss is about 28% while 1.6% unit loss in sugar content. Due to continuous desapping by large number of hoppers, top leaves in the affected canes dry up and lateral buds germinate. The hoppers exude a sweet sticky fluid known as honeydew, which promotes quick and luxuriant growth of the fungus, capanodium species and as a result the leaves are completely covered by the sooty mould.
So the correct option is 'an insect pest'.
Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

In which of the following plant due to the presence of High aspartic acid, low nitrogen, this plant leads to resistance for stem borers. 

  1. Cotton

  2. Sugar cane

  3. Maize

  4. Wheat
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A.Cotton – Smooth leaved and nectar less cotton varieties do not attract bollworms

B.Sugar cane – Saccharum barberi is crossed with Saccharum officinarum, the newly formed varieity shows the desirable qualities of high yield, thick stems, high sugar and ability to grow.

C.Maize – High aspartic acid, low nitrogen and sugar content in maize leads to resistance to maize stem borers.

D.Wheat – Solid stems lead to non preference by the stem sawfly.

So, the correct answer is ‘Maize’.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

What is a clone?

  1. A heterozygote produced by sexual means.

  2. A homozygote produced by asexual means.

  3. A heterozygote produced by asexual means.

  4. A homozygote produced by sexual means.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Clone is a group of plants produced from a single plant through asexual reproduction or progeny of single plant obtained by asexual reproduction is known as clone.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

Who used x-rays for the production of mutations?

  1. Muller

  2. Leeuwenhoek

  3. Virchow

  4. Hooker
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The mutagenic property of mutagens was first demonstrated in 1927, when Hermann Muller discovered that x-rays can cause genetic mutations in fruit flies, producing phenotypic mutants as well as observable changes to the chromosomes. His collaborator Edgar Altenburg also demonstrated the mutational effect of UV radiation in 1928. 

Muller went on to use x-rays to create Drosophila mutants that he used in his studies of genetics. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

A gene bank is a place where valuable plant material is preserved in viable condition. Gene banks are parts of

  1. In-situ conservation

  2. Ex-situ conservation

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Gene banks are a type of biorepository which preserve genetic material. For plants, this could be by freezing cuttings from the plant or stocking the seeds (e.g., in a seedbank). For animals, this is the freezing of sperm and eggs in zoological freezers until further need. With corals, fragments are taken which are stored in water tanks under controlled conditions. Plant genetic material in a 'gene bank' is preserved at -196 celsius in liquid nitrogen as mature seed dry. In plants, it is possible to unfreeze the material and propagate it, however, in animals, a living female is required for artificial insemination. While it is often difficult to utilize frozen animal sperm and eggs, there are many examples of it being done successfully. Ex-situ conservation of plant genetic resources can be achieved through different methods such as seed banks, field gene banks, in-vitro storage methods, pollen banks and DNA banks. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

Cultivated tobacco, Nicotine tobacco has $2n=48$ chromosomes and is amphidiploids. Nicotine Sylvester's which one of the progenitors of Nicotine tobacco has $2n=24$ chromosomes and is diploid. It has contributed one genome to Nicottama tobacco. When these two species are hybridized, the critical chromosomal associations at meiosis in the hybrid will be.

  1. $24$ bivalents
  2. $12$ univalent
  3. $12$ bivalents
  4. $12$ bivalents $+12$ univalent
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

The colour of high yielding Mexican wheats were not liked by the Indians. It was originally red grained. Their cultivation was adopted in India on the large, scale only when exposure to gamma radiations converted them to amber grained. Which of following methods of plant-breeding has been put into practice in the given case? 

  1. Polyploid breeding

  2. Interspecific hybridisation

  3. Issue culture

  4. Mutation breeding
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Mutation breeding is the way toward presenting seeds to synthetic concoctions or radiation so as to create freaks with attractive qualities to be reproduced with different cultivars. 

So, the correct answer is 'Mutation breeding'.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

Which of the following is an example of mutation breeding?

  1. Pusa Swarnim, resistant to white rust

  2. Mung bean, resistant to yellow mosaic virus

  3. Pusa Sadabahar, resistant to chilli mosaic virus

  4. Pusa Gaurav, resistant to aphids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The process of mutation breeding involves inducing mutations artificially through use of chemicals or radiations and selecting plants that have the desirable character as a source in breeding.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

Pullorum disease of chickens is caused by 

  1. Aspergillus fungus

  2. Paramyxo virus

  3. Salmonella bacterium

  4. Candida fungus.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Pullorum disease is caused by one of the two poultry-adapted strains of Salmonella bacteria. It causes mortality in birds up to 3 weeks of age. Occasionally, it can cause loss in adult birds but also infects parrots, sparrows and peafowl

Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

Which among the following is Eco-frinedly method to protect crops?

  1. Biological control

  2. Chemical control

  3. Mechanical method

  4. Electronical control
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In biological control method, birds, insects and other living organisms are deliberately let out in fields to selectively kill pests. This becomes an easy method for protecting crops against selective pests. This is an environment friendly method to control the pests.