Tag: botany

Questions Related to botany

A pericentric inversion in chromosome involves _______________.

botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

  1. One arm of a chromosome

  2. Both the arms of a chromosome

  3. Two different chromosomes

  4. More than two chromosomes

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Correct Option: A

Is chromosomes are formed by.

botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

  1. Pairing of identical chromosomes

  2. Longitudinal splitting of Centromere

  3. Transverse division of Centromere

  4. Disjunction of bivalents

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Correct Option: A

Lamp brush chromosomes found in certain organisms are directly related to metamorphosis. Which one of the following statements in this regard is incorrect?

botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

  1. These are very large chromosomes

  2. These are actively engaged in RNA and protein synthesis and accumulation

  3. Lamp brush loops recede and these become normal looking chromosomal parts looking chromosomal parts

  4. They are compactly packed and have very high DNA content

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Correct Option: A

$6$p $23$ in chromosome nomenclature indicates band number.

botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

  1. $6$ in short arm of chromosome $23$

  2. $3$ in region $2$ of short arm of chromosome $6$

  3. $3$ in region $2$ of long arm of chromosome $6$

  4. $6$ in long arm of chromosome $23$

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Correct Option: A

Diagrammatic representations of a chromosome is known as ____________.

botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

  1. Homotype

  2. Idiotype

  3. Merotype

  4. Karyotype

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
An ideogram is a diagrammatic representation of the karyotype that shows all of the pairs of homologous chromosomes in the nucleus. The pairs of chromosomes are lined up in order of size, so that the centromeres are aligned and the short arm is uppermost. An ideogram is a useful point of reference for analyzing mutations.
So the correct option is 'Idiotype'.

Match List I(Chromosome aberrations) with List II(consequences) and select the correct a answer using the codes given the lists.

List-I List-II
a. Intercalary deficiency $1$. chromosome ring formation at metaphase
b. Duplication $2$. Bridge and fragment formation
c. Para centric inversion $3$. Change in gene order
d. Translocation $4$. Two breaks followed by reunion and deletion
botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

  1. A-$4$, B-$3$, C-$2$, D-$1$

  2. A-$4$, B-$3$, C-$1$, D-$2$

  3. A-$3$, B-$4$, C-$1$, D-$2$

  4. A-$3$, B-$4$, C-$2$, D-$1$

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Correct Option: A

Is chromosome refers to the ______________________.

botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

  1. Chromosome which has been isolated from the rest of the complement

  2. Chromosome which has reached the equatorial plane earlier than the other chromosomes

  3. Tran located chromosome having identical arms

  4. Lagging chromosome which has not moved to either of the pole

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Correct Option: A

How are chromatin, chromatid and chromosomes related to each other?

botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

  1. Chromosomes are made up of chromatin

  2. Chromatin is made up of chromosomes

  3. Chromatin is made up of chromatids

  4. Chromosomes are made up of chromatids and chromatids are made up of chromatin

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Chromatin fibers are made from coiling of a long polynucleotide strand of a DNA to fit into the cell. Chromatids are made up of chromatin. The two sister chromatids are present in a chromosome.

So, the correct answer is option D. 

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given:
In which part of the cell is DNA concentrated?

botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

  1. Chromosomes

  2. Cell wall

  3. Ribosomes

  4. Golgi body

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The chromosomes are the threadlike structures of nucleic acids found in the nucleus of most of the living organisms, carrying the genetic material in the form of genes. Thus DNA is concentrated in the chromosomes.

B. The cell wall is the structural component of the cell that gives shape to the cell.
C. Ribosomes and the Golgi body are the organelles present in the cell. Ribosomes help ion protein synthesis.
D. Golgi apparatus helps to process and bundle macromolecules like proteins and lipids that are synthesized in the cell.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Chromosomes'.

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given :
The thread like structures that begin to radiate from each centromere by the end of prophase are

botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

  1. aster microtubules

  2. spindle microtubules

  3. kinetochore microtubules

  4. polar microtubules

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  • Prophase is the third stage of the mitosis where the chromosomes which were lined up at the metaphase plate in the metaphase are to be pulled towards the pole of the dividing cells.
  • The centrioles which are present at the pole of the dividing cells produce spindle fibers which are will help pull the chromosomes towards the pole .
  • These spindle fiber will attach to the kinetochore which is present with the centromere in the middle of the chromosome,
  • The kinetochore also produces microtubles which will attach will the incoming spindle fibers forming a bond so that they can be pulled towards the pole.
  • After reaching the pole the fibers will distangle from the kinetochore and disappear leaving the chromosomes to decondense and formation of the nuclear membrane around them .
  • Therefore the answer option 'kinetochore microtubules' is correct.