Tag: botany

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Questions Related to botany

Multiple choice botany breeding and biotechnology branches of biotechnology gene cloning biotechnology and genetic engineering

DNA sequence comparison is a powerful tool in studying evolution. However, there are limitations to what it can tell us about the history of life on Earth.
What is a limitation of this technology?

  1. It is only possible to obtain DNA samples from extant or recently extinct species.

  2. It is possible that an organism will have genes for non-functional proteins.

  3. Mutations can occur randomly in genomes.

  4. There is greater variation in DNA sequences that in amino acid sequences.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
DNA sequence comparison tools like BLAST, CLUSTAL W etc are some of the powerful tools used in understanding the similarity, relatedness and other phylogenetic studies between two or more sequences at the same time. Mutations act as the limitation of DNA sequence comparison technology as they can occur randomly throughout the genome with time and hence could distort the sequence comparison results and hamper the assessment for statistical significance.
so, the correct answer is 'Mutations can occur randomly in genomes'
Multiple choice botany breeding and biotechnology branches of biotechnology gene cloning biotechnology and genetic engineering

Which one of the following is related with genetic engineering?

  1. Plasmids

  2. Mitochondria

  3. Mutations

  4. Ribosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In molecular cloning, a vector is a DNA molecule used as a vehicle or carrier which carries the desired gene from donor to recipient cell, where it can be replicated and/or expressed. The plasmid is extrachromosomal circular DNA which acts as vector DNA. The plasmid is the most important vector as it possesses multiple cloning sites, an origin of replication and a selectable marker.

Multiple choice botany breeding and biotechnology branches of biotechnology gene cloning biotechnology and genetic engineering

Using recombinant DNA technology, genes from a donor cell can be inserted into a bacterium for DNA replication and protein synthesis. The kind of cells that can be used as gene donors in this technology are

  1. Bacteria only

  2. Either yeast or bacteria

  3. Eukaryotic cells only

  4. Any of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The production of a recombined bacterium using a gene from a foreign donor and the synthesis of a protein encoded by the recombinant DNA molecule. The genes used as a donor in recombinant DNA technology are commonly obtained from bacteria, yeast or any eukaryotic host organism. 

So, the correct option is 'Option D' .

Multiple choice botany breeding and biotechnology branches of biotechnology gene cloning biotechnology and genetic engineering

In genetic engineering, a DNA segment (gene) of interest is transferred to the host cell through a vector. Consider the following four agents in this regard and select the correct option about which one or more of these can be used as a vector/vectors?
(i) Bacterium
(ii) Plasmid
(iii) Plasmodium
(iv) Enzyme

  1. (ii) only

  2. (i) and (ii) only

  3. (i), (iii) and (iv)

  4. (iv) only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In molecular cloning, a vector is a DNA molecule used as a transport to artificially carry foreign genetic material into another cell, where it can be replicated and expressed. A vector containing foreign DNA is termed recombinant DNA. The four major types of vectors are plasmids, viral vectors, cosmids, and artificial chromosomes. Of these, the most commonly used vectors are plasmids.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction why do plants reproduce? reproduction and variation the life cycle of plants

Read the following statements about reproduction and select the incorrect one.

  1. It is a biological process in which an organism gives rise to young ones

  2. It enables the continuity of the species

  3. It produces genetic variations in organisms

  4. It maintains populations of the young and adult persons only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Reproduction is a biological process in which an organism gives rise to young ones. It is a fundamental feature of all known life. Reproduction enables the continuity of the species and produces genetic variations in organisms. 
  • Reproduction not only maintains populations of the young and adult persons but also that of older adults.
  • Reproduction is a key process that determines the distribution of people of various ages in a population, called age structure.
  • So the correct option is D.
Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction why do plants reproduce? reproduction and variation the life cycle of plants

The phenomenon wherein, the ovary develops into a fruit without fertilisation is called.

  1. Parthenocarpy

  2. Apomixis

  3. Asexual reproduction

  4. Sexual reproduction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fertilised ovary is technically called fruit. But if ovary develops into fruits, without fertilisation, it is called parthenocarpic fruit. Such fruits are generally seedless. Some common examples found in nature are: Citrus, banana, etc., Parthenocarpy can be artificially induced too by application of certain plant hormones, especially, auxins and gibberellins.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction why do plants reproduce? reproduction and variation the life cycle of plants

Reproduction is essential for living organisms in order to

  1. Keep the individual organism alive

  2. Fulfill their energy requirement

  3. Maintain growth

  4. Continue the species generation after generation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Reproduction is an essential process required for continuity of life and survival of species generation after generation. 
  • An individual has a limited lifespan and lives for a defined time period but species survive and evolve for a much longer duration. Reproduction serves no other purpose and is not required for energy production or growth of an organism.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction why do plants reproduce? reproduction and variation the life cycle of plants

The process of development of organism like itself is called as

  1. Budding

  2. Flowering

  3. Reproduction

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Reproduction can be defined as the biological process by which new individuals or offsprings are produced from their 'parents'. Offsprings are little similar to their parents.
Budding is a type of asexual reproduction by which offsprings arise from a single organism.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction why do plants reproduce? reproduction and variation the life cycle of plants

Fusion of male and female gamete is termed as

  1. Reproduction

  2. Vegetative propagation

  3. Fertilization

  4. Respiration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Reproduction is a process by which there is the production of a new organism by combining the genetic material of two different individuals. It occurs in eukaryotes. A process similar to sexual reproduction (conjugation, transduction, transformation) also takes place in prokaryote also but it is not a reproduction.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction why do plants reproduce? reproduction and variation the life cycle of plants

Reproduction is essential for living organisms in order to

  1. Keep the individual organism alive

  2. Fulfill their energy requirement

  3. Maintain growth

  4. Continue the species generation after generation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Reproduction is important because, with the help of reproduction, a new generation of species are produced. With the help of reproduction, genetic traits of that species are transferred from one generation to another.