Tag: cell as structural and functional unit

Questions Related to cell as structural and functional unit

The theory proposing that body of an organism consists of incompletely divided cells is known as

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Organismal theory.

  2. Protoplasmic theory.

  3. Cell theory.

  4. Theory of cell lineage.

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Correct Option: A

Who applied cell theory to plants?

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Schwann

  2. Schleiden

  3. Swanson

  4. Jenssen

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In 1838, Matthias Schleiden who was a German Botanist while studying a large number of plants he made an observation that plants also composed of different kinds of cells. These cells were arranged into tissues. Whereas Schwann was studying animal cells and reported the existence of cell membrane that surrounds cytoplasm. Together Schleiden and Schwann proposed cell theory based on their observation plants and animal cells. So Schleiden applied cell theory specifically to plans and Schwann to animals.  

Who proposed protoplasmic theory as opposed to the cell theory?

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Virchow

  2. Schultze

  3. Sachs

  4. Strasburger

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Schleiden and Schwann proposed a cell theory according to which all cells are formed from preexisting cells. After the discovery of protoplasm by Corti, Dujardin observed a living juice inside the cells and named it as sarcode. Purkinje coined the term protoplasm while observing sap of plant cells. Max Schultze established similarity between protoplasm and sarcode that leads him to propose a theory which is called as the protoplasmic theory by Hertwig. This theory states that protoplasm is the physical basis of life. So answer B is correct.

Organismal theory was proposed by

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Van Mohl.

  2. Sachs.

  3. Virchow.

  4. Haberlandt.

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The organismal theory teaches that the organism (even a multicellular organism) is the basic unit of life. It was proposed by Sachs. Thus the correct option is B.

Which is correct about cell theory in view of current status of our knowledge about the cell structure?

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. It needs modification due to discovery of subcellular structure like chloroplasts and mitochondria.

  2. Modified cell theory means that all living beings are composed of cells capable of reproducing.

  3. Cell theory does not hold good because all living beings (e.g., viruses) do not have cellular organisation.

  4. Cell theory means that all living objects consist of cells whether or not capable of reproducing.

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Correct Option: C

Match the columns.

Column I Column II
(a) Robert Hooke (i) Mutation theory
(b) Charles Darwin (ii) Swan necked flask experiment
(c) Hugo de Vries (iii) Origin of Species
(d) Louis Pasteur (iv) Micrographia
bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. a-(iii); b-(iv); c-(i); d-(ii)

  2. a-(ii); b-(i); c-(i); d-(iv)

  3. a-(i); b-(ii); c-(i); d-(iv)

  4. a-(iv); b-(iii); c-(i); d-(ii)

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

a) Mutation theory is proposed by Hugo de Vries.  

b) The famous swan-necked flask experiment is performed by Louis Pasteur in this experiment he used a flask whose neck exactly looked like the neck of swan. 
c) Origin of species is the great scientific theory of Charles Darwin in which he explained that the species are originated from natural selection, the most fit species can survive in nature. 
d) Micrographia is a significant book of Robert Hooke which is related to the morphological description of microscopic organisms.

Who coined the term 'cytology'?

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Robert Hooke

  2. Leeuwenhoek

  3. Hertwig

  4. Swammerdam

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

a) The term cytology was termed by Robert Hooke. Cytology, the study of cells as fundamental units of living things.

b) Leeuwenhoek is the first scientist who experiments with microscopes and he named the microbes as animalcules. 
c) Hertwig was a German zoologist and wrote a book by studying sea urchins.
d) Swammerdam was a biologist who dies at a very early age. After his death, his book Biblica Naturae was published. 

Schwann and Schleiden were

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Dutch biologists

  2. English biologists

  3. Austrian biologists

  4. German biologists

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Schleiden defined the cell as the basic unit of plant structure, and a year later Schwann defined the cell as the basic unit of animal structure. Theodor Schwann was a German physiologist and Matthias Jakob Schleiden was a German botanist. The universally accepted cell theory was credited to Schleiden and Schwann for their great contribution.
Hence answer is 'German biologists'

First scientist to observe red blood cells

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Swammerdam

  2. Leeuwenhoek

  3. Rudolf Virchow

  4. Strasburger

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) described cells in a drop of pond water using his microscope. By using a microscope he observes and describes red blood cells in humans and other animals, as well as sperm cells. Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Robert Hooke published his work on cork cells in which book?

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Genera Plantarum

  2. Species Plantarum

  3. Micrographia

  4. Cytologia

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Correct Option: C