Tag: cell as structural and functional unit

Questions Related to cell as structural and functional unit

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below:

Column I Column II
(A) Leeuwenhoek (i) First saw and described a living cell
(B) Robert Brown (ii) Presence of cell wall is unique to plant cells
(C) Schleiden (iii) Discovered the nucleus
(D) Schwann (iv) All plants are composed of different kinds of cell
bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. (A)- (i); B- (iii); C- (iv),; D- (ii)

  2. (A)- (i); B- (iii); C- (iv),; D- (iv)

  3. (A)- (iii); B- (i); C- (iv),; D- (ii)

  4. (A)- (i); B- (iv); C- (iv),; D- (iii)

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Anton Von Leeuwenhoek first saw and described a living cell.
  • Robert Brown later discovered the nucleus.
  • Schleiden observed that all plants are composed of different kinds of cell which form the tissues of the plant . 
  •  Schwann observed that presence of cell wall is unique character of plant cells.
  • So, the correct option is 'Option B'.

________ are an exception to cell theory.

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Bacteria

  2. Fungi

  3. Virus

  4. Lichen

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Virus are an exception to cell theory. Because of the following reasons

1. The viruses are non-cellular organism that are characterized by having an inert crystalline structure outside the cell. 
2. Once they infect a cell they take over the machinery of the host cell to replicate themselves, killing the host.
So, the correct answer is 'Virus'.

Omnis cellulae cellualae i.e., new cells arise from pre-existing cells; this statement was given by ______.

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Schleiden and Schwann

  2. Rudolf Virchow

  3. Robert Brown

  4. Robert Hooke

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Rudolf Virchow modified the cell theory of gave the concept of 'omnis cellule e cellulae'- means new cells develop by division of the pre-existing cells. This is called theory of cell lineage or common ancestry.

Cells are the .......... structural units of living organism.

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Largest

  2. Smallest

  3. Oldest

  4. Newest

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • Cells are called the smallest structural and functional unit of life because all the living organisms are made up of cells and also all the functions taking place inside the body of organisms are performed by cells. 

So, the correct answer is option B.

Most of the cells are ........... in size and are not visible to the unaided eye.

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Microscopic 

  2. Macroscopic 

  3. Regular

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • The cells are microscopic in size and are not visible to the unaided eye with the size from 0.5 micrometers to 50 micrometers. 
  • They need to be enlarged or magnified by a microscope. 
  • The electron microscope discovered by Knoll and Ruska was able to magnify the cellular structure.
So, the correct answer is option A.

The term mitosis was given by

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Farmer

  2. Flemming

  3. Boveri

  4. Moore

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Mitosis was first observed by Boveri and Flemming (1879) in animal cells. But the term mitosis was given by Flemming (1882).

Mitosis is the common method of cell division in which parent cell divides into two daughter cells with an equal number of chromosomes and thus, called as equational division. It occurs in somatic cells of the both unicellular and multicellular organisms.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

An organism made up of many cells is known as 

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Unicellular

  2. Multicellular

  3. Acellular

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The organism made up of many cells are known as multicellular.

A unicellular organism, also known as a single-celled organism, is an organism that consists of only one cell, unlike a multicellular organism that consists of more than one cell. 
The absence of cells is known as acellular.
So, the correct answer is option B.

A cell is the .......... and functional unit of an organism.

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Longest structural

  2. Smallest structural

  3. Biggest structural

  4. Strongest structural

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Cells are called the smallest structural and functional unit of life because all the living organisms are made up of cells and also all the functions taking place inside the body of organisms are performed by cells. 

Organisms having bigger size and have a complex structure are called as 

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Acellular

  2. Unicellular

  3. Multicellular

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Organisms can consist of one cell to many cells. 
  • The cell is the structural unit of life. Unicellular organisms are made up of one cell that performs all the functions.
  •  Whereas, a multicellular organism that consists of multiple cells and a different group of cells perform different functions which give complexity to the multicellular organisms.

Define cell.

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. A thick solution mainly composed of water, salts and proteins

  2. Basic structural, functional and biological unit that can replicate independently

  3. Biopolymers or large biomolecules essential for all known forms of life

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • The cells are the basic structural, functional and biological unit of all known living organisms. 
  • Cells are the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently and are often called the building blocks of life. 
  • The human body is composed of trillions of cells. 
  • They provide structure for the body, take in nutrients from food, convert those nutrients into energy and carry out specialized functions. 
  • Cells also contain the body's hereditary material and can make copies of them.
So, the correct answer is option B.