Tag: coordination in human beings- chemical control

Conditioning is the type of behavioral change which is shown towards the discriminative stimulus. The stimulus is added with some kind of attraction or extra benefits. The stimulus is often associated with a consequence. The strength of the behavior depends on the stimulus and the consequence. The type of behavior will always rely on the stimulus and its strength. When there is the certain attractive image used to describe an advertisement, this is done to attract the people to buy the product. 

A change which evokes a response is known as the stimulus. It greatly affects the human behaviour. The change in the external and internal environment act as a sudden stimulus and creates a response. The sequential change in the conditions greatly influence the human behavioural pattern.

Copying the behaviour of someone observed is called imitation. It is seen in animals including humans as the most common learning process. Imitation is the social behaviour or conduct that a person unconsciously or passively learns and adopts. For example, yawning in humans and the child attempt in the first year to imitate sounds to get the attention of his mother or others. So, the correct option is C.

1. A person's fear of anything comes under the behavior of instinct.
   
2. Conditioning is the particular or predictive response towards particular stimuli.
3. Imprinting is a type of behavior that is genetically present and is considered to be the response to a particular stimuli.
4. Imitation is a behavior in which an organism tries to copy others.

Positive reinforcement for a conditioned behaviour can be provided by adding an appetitive stimulus at the end of correct behaviour. It can be in the form of a praise.

• Conditioning is a behavioral process whereby a response becomes more frequent or more predictable in a given environment as a result of reinforcement, with reinforcement typically being a stimulus or reward for the desired response.
  
• Imitation is an advanced behavior whereby an individual observes and replicates another's behavior. 
  
• Both Imitation and conditioning are part of the learning process in organisms. Hence, option D is correct.

Dogs were used as an experimental model for the investigation of conditioning behavior and the experiments were done by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov in which he showed that the dogs could be conditioned unconsciously with neutral, unrelated event with feeding.

A) An involuntary response is not under conscious control. It generally constitutes the reflexes.

A) Imitation is a behavior in which an organism observes, learns and reciprocates other organisms.