Tag: hygiene - a key to healthy life

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Multiple choice biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

Sewage water is purified for recycling by the action of 

  1. Light

  2. Micro-organisms

  3. Aquatic plants

  4. Fishes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Domestic sewage primarily contains biodegradable organic matter, which readily decomposes by bacteria and other micro-organisms, which can multiply using these organic substances as substrates and hence utilise some of the components of sewage. It is possible to estimate the amount of biodegradable organic matter in sewage water by measuring biochemical oxygen demand (BOD).  

Microorganisms involved in biodegradation of organic matter in the receiving water body consume a lot of oxygen, and as a result there is a sharp decline in dissolved oxygen downstream from the point of sewage discharge. This causes mortality of fish and other aquatic creatures. 

Multiple choice biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

Which is correctly matched?
1. Arsenic poisoning- Black foot disease.
2. Secondary Effluent treatment- Biological process.
3. Pyrolysis- Solid soil waste disposal
4. Tubifex- Water pollution indicator
5. Biomagnification- Degradable pollutants

  1. 1, 2, 3, 5

  2. 1, 3, 4, 5

  3. 2, 3, 4, 5

  4. 1, 2, 3, 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Biomagnification refers to increase in concentration of the toxicant at successive trophic levels. This happens because a toxic substance accumulated by an organism cannot be metabolised or excreted (non degradable), and is thus passed on to the next higher trophic level. This phenomenon is well known for mercury and DDT. Biological magnification often refers to the process whereby certain substances such as pesticides or heavy metals move up the food chain, work their way into rivers or lakes, and are eaten by aquatic organisms such as fish, which in turn are eaten by large birds, animals or humans. The substances become concentrated in tissues or internal organs as they move up the chain.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

A sewage treatment process in which a portion of the decomposer bacteria present in the waste is recycled into the beginning of the process, is called as

  1. Primary treatment

  2. Tertiary treatment

  3. Activated sludge treatment

  4. Cyclic treatment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The activated sludge process is a process for treating sewage and industrial wastewaters using air and a biological floc composed of bacteria and protozoa. Activated sludge refers to a mass of microorganisms cultivated in the treatment process to break down organic matter into carbon dioxide, water, and other inorganic compounds. 

The activated sludge process has three basic components: 
1) A reactor in which the microorganisms are kept in suspension, aerated, and in contact with the waste they are treating,
2) Liquid-solid separation and 
3) A sludge recycling system for returning activated sludge back to the beginning of the process. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

A natural disaster caused due to insufficient water for agriculture is called

  1. flood

  2. draught

  3. famine

  4. forest fire
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A famine is a widespread scarcity of food, often caused by crop failure due to factors like insufficient water for agriculture. While drought is the lack of water, famine is the resulting disaster involving food shortage.

Multiple choice biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

The process of mixing chlorine in the water to kill the germs is  called

  1. filtration

  2. chlorination

  3. purification

  4. distillation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chlorination is the specific chemical process of adding chlorine to water to disinfect it and kill harmful germs. Filtration removes physical particles, whereas chlorination targets biological pathogens.

Multiple choice biology wastewater story personal and public cleanliness who will do this? basics of water pollution water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

Sewage is mainly a

  1. liquid waste

  2. solid waste

  3. gaseous waste

  4. mixture of liquid waste and organic matter
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sewage is defined as wastewater that contains a mixture of liquid waste from households and organic matter, such as human excreta and food scraps. It is not purely liquid or solid, but a suspension of materials in water.

Multiple choice biology wastewater story personal and public cleanliness who will do this? basics of water pollution water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

Aeration process change the odour of wastewater.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Aeration is mixing of oxygen into the water. It increases the microbial growth in the water. The microbial growth acts on the organic matter and creates flocs which settle. The degradation of organic matter leads to the change in the pH of the water and production of gases like hydrogen sulfide which creates an odour.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology hygiene - a key to healthy life water borne disease basics of water pollution sewage treatment

when children play bare-footed in pools of dirty water and flood water,they may suffer from

  1. Leptospirosis and bilharzia

  2. Malaria ,amoebic dyscentry and leptospirosis

  3. Bilharzia,infective hepatitis and diarrhoea

  4. Guineaworm infection,elephantiasis and amoebic dyscentry
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Schistosomiasis, also known as snail fever and bilharzia is a disease caused by parasitic flatworms called schistosomes. The disease is spread by contact with fresh water contaminated with the parasites. The disease is especially common among children in developing countries, as they are more likely to play in contaminated water.
  • Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver tissue. Hepatitis is majorly caused by the virus known as infective hepatitis. Infective hepatitis is mainly spread by contaminated food and water.
  • Diarrhoea is the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day. Diarrhoea lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss. These infections are often acquired from food or water that has been contaminated by faeces, or directly from another person who is infected.
  • Hence, these diseases may occur when children play bare-footed in pools of dirty water and flood water.
So, the correct answer is 'Bilharzia, infective hepatitis and diarrhoea'.