Tag: community health and hygiene

Questions Related to community health and hygiene

Heart beat is accelerated by

biology transport in mammals regulation of the activity of heart drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption community health and hygiene

  1. Sympathetic nerves and acetylcholine

  2. Cranial nerves and adrenaline

  3. Cranial nerves and acetylcholine

  4. Sympathetic nerves and epinephrine.

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Correct Option: D

Human/mammalian/elephant heart is

biology transport in mammals regulation of the activity of heart drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption community health and hygiene

  1. Myogenic

  2. Neurogenic

  3. Cardiogenic

  4. Digenic.

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Correct Option: A

Which term does not apply to human heart?

biology transport in mammals regulation of the activity of heart drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption community health and hygiene

  1. Neurogenic

  2. Pacemaker

  3. Few chambered

  4. Mitral valve

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
A neurogenic heart is the one in which impulses are originated by nerves. This type of heart is present in cockroach and some invertebrates. Human heart is myogenic which means that impulses are originated by muscles. 
The SA node in human heart is called pacemaker as it initiates and maintains the rhythmic contraction of heart. 
Human heart is four chambered consisting of 2 auricles and 2 ventricles. 
Mitral valve is also known as bicuspid valve and present between left atrium and left ventricle. 
Hence, neurogenic heart does not apply to human heart.
So, the correct answer is 'Neurogenic'.

ECT is

evs - i community health and hygiene regulation of the activity of heart drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption cardiac regulation and disorders

  1. An apparatus for epilepsy

  2. A durg which acts as sedative

  3. Shock treatment

  4. Artificial organ for human

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Electroconvulsion therapy or ECT is a procedure in which electric currents are passed through the brain, intentionally triggering a brief seizure.
So, the correct answer is option C.

Which of the following statements is not true?

biology transport in mammals regulation of the activity of heart drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption community health and hygiene

  1. Regulation of blood vessel diameter originates from the vasomotor centre of the pons

  2. Baroreceptors may stimulate the vasomotor center

  3. Chemoreceptors are particularly sensitive to blood levels

  4. Cerebral cortex can play a role in regulating blood pressure

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The vasomotor center is a portion of the medulla oblongata, that together with the cardiovascular & respiratory centers regulates blood pressure too.

So, the correct option is 'Regulation of blood vessel diameter originates from the vasomotor center of the pons'.

Regarding circulatory adjustments during exercise which of the following is correct?

biology transport in mammals regulation of the activity of heart drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption community health and hygiene

  1. The cardiac output increases more than tenfold in severe exercise.

  2. The increase in cardiac output during exercise is mainly due to an increase in stroke volume.

  3. The increase in stroke volume seen in exercise occurs despite a smaller and end - diastolic volume.

  4. In sever exercise the mean arterial pressure is unchanged because diastolic pressure.

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Correct Option: B

Read the following statements and select the correct ones.


(i) Nodal tissue is specialised cardiac musculature in human heart which has the ability to generate action potential.
(ii) Position of SA Node - right corner of right atrium
(iii) Position of AV Node - right corner of ventricle
(iv) AV bundle continues from AV Node
(v) Purkinje fibres are modified cardiac muscle fibres that originate from the atrioventricular node and spread into the two ventricles.

biology transport in mammals regulation of the activity of heart drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption community health and hygiene

  1. (i) and (ii)

  2. (i), (ii) and (iv)

  3. (ii), (iv) and (v)

  4. All of these

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Correct Option: D

Consider the following four statements (i) - (iv) and select the correct option.
(i) Fish heart contains only oxygenated blood.
(ii)Closure of A-V valves produces the second heart sound.
(iii) The vascular connection between the digestive tract and kidney is called hepatic portal system.
(iv) Purkinje fibres are nerve fibres present in the heart wall.

biology transport in mammals regulation of the activity of heart drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption community health and hygiene

  1. i - F, ii - F, iii - T, iv - F

  2. i - F, ii - F, iii - F, iv - T

  3. i - T, ii - T, iii - F, iv - T

  4. i - T, ii - F, iii - T, iv - F

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • The fish heart contains both oxygenate and deoxygenated blood as it has one atrium and one ventricle.
  • Closure of A-V valves produces the first heart sound.
  • The vascular connection between the digestive tract and the liver is called the hepatic portal system.
  • Purkinje fibres are nerve fibres present in the heart wall.
Thus, the correct answer is 'i - F, ii - F, iii - F, iv - T.'

Which of the following statements is correct regarding neural regulation of cardiac activity?

biology transport in mammals regulation of the activity of heart drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption community health and hygiene

  1. The cardiac centre lies in medulla oblongata of brain.

  2. Sympathetic nerve fibres accelerate the rate of heart beat and parasympathetic nerve fibres retard the rate of heart beat.

  3. Sensory fibres extend from the receptors present in the walls of aortic arch, carotid sinuses and vena cava to the cardiovascular centre in medulla oblongata.

  4. All of these

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • The medulla oblongata of the brain controls cardiac activities.
  • The action of sympathetic nerve fibres increases the heart rate, while that of the parasympathetic nerve fibres decrease it.
  • Sensory fibres extend from the receptors present in the walls of the aortic arch, carotid sinuses and vena cava to the cardiovascular centre in the medulla oblongata.
Thus, the correct answer is 'All of these.'

The problem of electrical discontinuity caused in the normal heart by the connective tissue separating the atria from the ventricles is solved by

biology transport in mammals regulation of the activity of heart drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption community health and hygiene

  1. Coordinating electrical activity in the atria with electrical activity in the ventricles by connecting them via the bundle of His

  2. Having the A-V node function as a secondary pacemaker

  3. Having an ectopic pacemaker

  4. Coordinating electrical activity in the atria with electrical activity in the ventricles by connecting them via the vagus nerve.

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Correct Option: B