Tag: mud and stones

Option A is incorrectly matched - Therophytes are annual plants with surviving buds above soil, not 'well above'. Cryptophytes have buds underground, Hemicryptophytes have buds on soil surface, and Chamaephytes have buds at ground level.

Top soil is the topmost and outermost layer of the soil, which is usually 2 inches to 8 inches layer. It is generally dark in colour due to humus, i.e., partially decayed organic matter, soil particles and living organisms as soil bacteria etc. 

Decomposers also break down the bodies of dead organisms resulting in nitrogen being returned to the soil as ammonia. In some conditions, denitrifying bacteria in the soil break down nitrates and return nitrogen to the air. This is usually in waterlogged soil. Hence, making it unavailable for plant roots. So, the correct option is 'Denitrifying bacteria'

The forces like exogenic and endogenic can create a lot of landforms. Examples include Mountains, Plateaus, and Plains.

Soil contains minerals because they are made up of rocks by the process of weathering.

Soil is the primary reservoir for minerals on Earth, resulting from the weathering of rocks and providing essential nutrients to plants.

The wilting point is the minimum amount of water in the soil that a plant requires not to wilt; below this level, the plant cannot extract water and will permanently wilt.

The lithosphere serves as a source of minerals. The minerals supply the basic materials, required for making a variety of commodities, which man uses daily. The lithosphere is also the major source of fuels, such as coal, petroleum and a natural gas.