Tag: soil pollution

Organochlorines are very slowly decomposing chlorinated organic compounds, which are lipophilic (show much affinity for the fatty tissue of animals). Examples of Organochlorines are DDT, BHC, Aldrin, Endosulphan etc. So, the correct option "C" (Organochlorines).

• Trichoderma is the most prevalent culturable soil dwelling fungi. It has no adverse effect on crop plants.
• It is used as bio fungicide and control agent for bacteria and fungi. Hence, it is a broad spectrum pesticide.
• It forms symbiotic association with the roots of the plants and is not found free living in the soil.
• The dried spores of Trichoderma are sprayed on Brassica leaves to kill Alternaria that causes blight of mustard.

Third generation pesticide is defined as biodegradable, water soluble pesticide, which are more toxic.
Analogues of the juvenile hormone (JH) are used as an insecticide, preventing the larvae from developing into adult insects. JH itself is expensive to synthesize and is unstable in light. At high levels of JH, larvae can still molt, but the result will only be a bigger larva, not an adult. Thus, the insect's reproductive cycle is broken.  

Biological control is a bioeffector-method of controlling pests (including insects, mites, weeds and plant diseases) using other living organisms. It relies on predation, parasitism, herbivory or other natural mechanisms, but typically also involves an active human management role.

The allethrins are a group of related synthetic compounds used in insecticides. They are synthetic pyrethroids, a synthetic form of a chemical found naturally in the Chrysanthemum flower.

Griseofulvin is an orally administered antifungal drug. It is used both in animals and humans, to treat fungal infections of the skin (commonly known as ringworm) and nails. It is produced by culture of some strains of the mold Penicillium griseofulvum, from which it was isolated in 1939.

TCDD is 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, is a polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin.

Bordeaux mixture (also called Bordo Mix) is a mixture of copper(II) sulfate and slaked lime, used as a fungicide. It is used in vineyards, fruit-farms and gardens to prevent infestations of downy mildew, powdery mildew and other fungi. Bordeaux mixture was discovered by P M A Millardert.

The first-generation pesticides, which were used prior to 1940, consisted of compounds such as arsenic, mercury, and lead. These were soon abandoned because they were highly toxic and ineffective. The second-generation pesticides were composed of synthetic organic compounds.

DDT is one of the most famous pesticides in the world, and it has been with us for quite a long time. As a pesticide, DDT was first used during world war II. It was so effective as an insect killer that some called it as the "atomic bomb" of pesticides.