Tag: not for breathing not for drinking

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Multiple choice zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

Which of the following is the best measure to save energy?

  1. Each individual uses his own vehicle

  2. Four colleagues residing in the same colony travel to the office together by the same car

  3. Using vehicles to travel small distances

  4. Keeping the vehicle engine 'on' during traffic jam
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Conservation of energy is required to meet the increasing demand of growing population. 
  • One of the measures which can be taken is to reduce the use of the number of vehicles. 
  • Hereby, the fuel used by these automobiles will be less. When there are colleagues which live in the same colony or near to each other, the four people can use and travel to the office by using the same vehicle.
  • This will reduce the amount of fuel required by vehicles of four people.
  • Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
Multiple choice zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

Air entering lungs is $(1)$ Warmed $(2)$ Filtered $(3)$ Deprived of some oxygem $(4)$ Enriched with $CO _2$. What is true?

  1. $1, 2, 3$ and $4$
  2. $1$ and $2$
  3. $2$ and $4$
  4. $2$ and $3$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

As air enters the lungs, it is warmed by the nasal passages and filtered by cilia and mucus. It is not deprived of oxygen or enriched with CO2; rather, it is the process of gas exchange in the alveoli that performs those functions.

Multiple choice zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

Photocatalysis of effluents is carried out with the help of

  1. Polymeric adsorbents

  2. Titanium dioxide

  3. Resins

  4. UV radiations
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Photocatalysis is the reaction in presence of a catalyst that accelerates the rate of reaction which in turn, is occurring in presence of light i.e. photoreaction. Photocatalysis of effluents discharged from industries is done to remove organic pollutants from them. The catalyst used in the reaction is either zinc oxide or titanium oxide. Titanium oxide is a photocatalyst. When it is illuminated by light, an electron and positive hole pair is produced. The positive hole reacts with water to break it into hydrogen gas and hydroxyl ion whereas the negative electron reacts with oxygen to form superoxide.
So, the correct answer is 'Titanium oxide'.
Multiple choice zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

In coal fired power plants, electrostatic precipitators are fitted to control emission of

  1. $NO _x$

  2. CO

  3. SPM
  4. $SO _2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The electrostatic precipitators work on the principles of the electrostatic force. It consists of discharge wires and collecting plates. An application of high voltage to the discharge wires create an electric field between the wires and the plates. When the air containing the dust and suspended particulate matter like aerosols and solid particles is passed through this electrostatic field, the particles get charged and are collected onto the plate as per Coulomb's Law. This makes the air free of dust and SPM. Electrostatic precipitators are used in vehicles and coal-fired power plant to restrict the entry of dust and SPM into the atmosphere

So, the correct answer is 'SPM'

Multiple choice zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

Air pollution is not reduced by

  1. Using precipitators

  2. Reusing wastes

  3. Cleaning air

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Air pollution is caused by the release of harmful oxides of nitrogen, sulphur and carbon from the vehicular exhausts and industrial emissions primarily. Using precipitators allow the removal of dust from these emissions. Keeping the air clean by minimizing the combustion of fossil fuels, less use of vehicles, use of catalytic converters can help in reducing the air pollution. Reusing waste allows the minimal production of non-degradable waste. Hence, the correct answer is 'Reusing wastes'.

Multiple choice zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

Low sulphur diesel has become available in India from

  1. First April 1996

  2. First April 1997

  3. First January 1997

  4. First January 1996
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Sulphur is an important fuel parameter for assessing exhaust emissions. It results in the release of particulate mater in the air. The original concentration of sulphur in diesel in India used to be about 10,000 ppm which now has been reduced to about 350 ppm. This was possible because of introduction of low sulphur diesel in India on First April in 1996.
So, the correct answer is 'First April 1996'.
Multiple choice zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

Unleaded petrol has been introduced in India with effect from 

  1. First January, 1996

  2. First April, 1995

  3. First April, 1996

  4. First January, 1997
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

From April 1995, mandatory fitment of catalytic converters in new petrol passenger cars sold in the four metros, Delhi, Calcutta, Mumbai and Chennai along with the supply of Unleaded Petrol (ULP) was affected. Availability of ULP was further extended to 42 major cities and it is now available throughout the country. 

So the correct answer is 'First April 1995'.

Multiple choice zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

Thermal plants have installed

  1. Cyclone collector

  2. Porous filters

  3. Electrostatic precipitators

  4. Adsorbents
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A. Cyclone collector removes particulate matter from air, water or gas stream.
B. Porous filters remove minute particles from liquids and gases.
C. Electrostatic precipitators removes the particulate matter from air as the particles are charged and get settled down when they are passed through a chamber.
D. Adsorbents remove very fine particles from air or water as the particles get stuck on the surface of adsorbents.
Thermal plants have installed electrostatic precipitators to remove the fly ash formed as a result of boiler emissions.
So, the correct answer is 'Electrostatic precipitators'.
 
Multiple choice zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

In vehicles, catalytic converter are used to

  1. Increase mileage
  2. Convert $CO _2$ to carbonates

  3. Increase efficiency of lead petrol
  4. Convert CO to $CO _2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Catalytic convertors consist of expensive metals like platinum- palladium and rhodium as catalysts which are fitted in the automobiles to reduce the emission of poisonous gases. When the exhaust passes through catalytic convertor, unburnt hydrocarbons get converted into carbon dioxide and water, carbon monoxide is converted to carbon dioxide and nitric oxide is converted to nitrogen gas.
So, the correct answer is 'Convert CO to CO2'.
Multiple choice zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

Match the items of Column I and Column II and select the correct combinations.

Column-I Column-II
a Electrostatic precipitator p Removes gases like $SO _2$
b Scrubber q Reduces automobile emission
c Catalytic converter r Removes particulate matter

  1. a-q, b-r, c-p

  2. a-r, b-q, c-p

  3. a-r, b-q, c-r

  4. a-r, b-p, c-q

  5. a-p, b-r, c-q
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Electrostatic precipitator is used to remove particulate matter present in the air. The particulate matter are charged and passed through a chamber where they the particles lose their charge and settle down.
  • Scrubbers are used to remove gases like sulphur dioxide (SO2). The exhaust is passed though a spray of lime or water.
  • Catalytic convertors consist of expensive metals like platinum- palladium and rhodium as catalysts which are fitted in the automobiles to reduce the emission of poisonous gases. When the exhaust passes through catalytic convertor, unburnt hydrocarbons get converted into carbon dioxide and water, carbon monoxide is converted to carbon dioxide and nitric oxide is converted to nitrogen gas.
So, the correct answer is 'a-r, b-p, c-q'.