Tag: how to save fuel

A good fuel should have high calorific value, should be cheap, should not cause any pollution and should be easy to transport.

 the major components of all kerosenes are branched and straight chain alkanes and naphthenes (cycloalkanes), which normally account for at least $70\%$ by volume

The minimum temperature at which a substance starts to burn is called its ignition temperature. Different fuels have different ignition temperatures.  Low ignition temperature means highly inflammable. For combustion, ignition temperature should at least be achieved. Substance starts burning only at a temperature equal to ignition temperature or more than it.

Fuel efficieny can be measured as the amount of heat that is required by 1kg of fuel during combustion.  It is known as calorific value of the fuel.  The unit of measuring fuel efficieny is kJ/Kg.

Ignition temperature is the lowest temperature at which a substance catches fire. Among the choices, LPG is a highly volatile gas with a very low ignition temperature compared to solids like coal or liquids like kerosene.

The producer gas is a mixture of nitrogen and carbon monoxide. Two thirds by volume is nitrogen and one third by volume is carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide is combustible gas in the mixture. Nitrogen is non-combustible. producer gas is not considered as good fuel because it contains Nitrogen which does not burn.

An ideal gas must possess high calorific value, must have a moderate rate of combustion and must be easily available. The calorific values of coal, petrol, LPG are quite less than an ideal gas. The molecules present in an ideal gas obeys the gas laws and follows the Newtons laws of motion.

LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) is considered a cleaner fuel compared to petrol or mineral oil because it produces fewer particulate emissions and less carbon monoxide upon combustion. Methane is also a clean fuel, but LPG is the standard answer in this context for domestic clean fuel usage.

Ideal fuel shows the following characteristics:

• It should be  less expensive,
• It should be easily  available,
• It should produce a large amount of heat,
• It can be  transported  easily
• It has high calorific value.
• It should  burns easily in air at a moderate rate.

Hence option D is correct.

Ideal fuel has high calorific value. This ensures that more amount of heat energy is released from the combustion of unit mass of fuel. In other words, a fuel with high calorific value is better than a fuel having low calorific value.