Tag: biodiversity, classification and conservation

Questions Related to biodiversity, classification and conservation

All of these are reasons why biodiversity is important except

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. It allows for adjustment to disturbances .

  2. It cleans water.

  3. It provides food and materials.

  4. It has led to medical discoveries.

  5. It increases extinction rates.

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:
A. Biodiversity allows for adjustments to various disturbances. For example, trees control the rainfall.
B. As the polluted water flows through the dense areas having plants, it gets cleaned naturally.
C. Biodiversity provides food both for animals and mankind.
D. Biodiversity has to medical discoveries as various medicinal plants have been discovered.
E. Biodiversity reduces the extinction rates.
Hence statement E is incorrect.
So, the correct answer is 'It increases extinction rates'.

All of these are human activities that threaten biodiversity except  

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. The release of excess nitrates from agricultural runoff

  2. Over-harvesting of plants and animals

  3. Overuse of herbicides

  4. Habitat preservation

  5. Excessive ultraviolet radiation from a depleted ozone layers

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
A. Various fertilizers are used in agriculture which contain nitrogen as a key component. Runoff from agricultural land causes the release of excess nitrates.
B. Over harvesting of plants and animals for profit by the mankind has resulted into extinction of various species.
C. Overuse of herbicides kills the soil microflora and other microorganisms also.
D. Habitat preservation is not a threat to biodiversity as it will save the species.
E. Ozone has depleted due to various human activities like CFCs and due to this, excess ultraviolet rays can reach the earth and cause various problems to biodiversity.
Hence statement C is incorrect.
So, the correct answer is 'Habitat preservation'.

The greatest threat to genetic diversity in agricultural crops is

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. Extensive use of insecticides and pesticides

  2. Extensive mixed cropping

  3. Introduction of high yielding varieties

  4. Extensive use of fertilisers

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Genetic diversity is the diversity in the number and types of genes present in different species and variations in the genes of the same species. The greatest threat to genetic diversity in agricultural crops is introduction of high yielding varieties. High yielding varieties contains the required traits and therefore are always bred purely. This reduces the genetic diversity within a particular species.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Introduction of high yielding varieties.'

Select the incorrect statement.

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. Species diversity increases as we move away from the equator towards the poles.

  2. Stellars sea cow and passenger pigeon got extinct due to over exploitation by man.

  3. Lantana and Eichhornia are invasive weed species in India.

  4. The historic convention on biological diversity was held in 1992.

  5. Among animals, insects are the most species-rich taxonomic group.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Species diversity is the variety in the number and richness of the species of a region. The number or species per unit area is called as species richness. Number of individuals of different species represent species evenness or species equitability. Communities where species are represented by more or less equal number of individuals exhibit evenness. Where one or more species have more individuals than other show dominance or unevenness. 

Tropical rain forests in the equatorial regions and coral reefs have fragile environment and vulnerable habitats. They also have the maximum biodiversity despite having little seasonal changes in the temperature and moisture. Very harsh conditions e.g., polar regions, results in reduction in biodiversity.

Which one of the following has maximum genetic diversity in India?

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. Teak

  2. Mango

  3. Wheat

  4. Tea

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

India is one of the twelve megadiversity regions of the world with 7.7 percent of genetic resources of the world. 

Western Ghats have wild relatives of a number of cultivated plants like banana, citrus, mango, pepper etc. 
Common mango (Mangifera indica) originated as alloploid and its native home was suggested as Eastern India, Assam to Burma or possibly further in the Malay region (Popenoe, 1920). 
Vavilov (1926) also suggested Indo-Burma region as the centre of origin of mango. Hence, mango shows maximum genetic diversity in India. 

India's share in the global species diversity is about

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. 2 percent

  2. 4 percent

  3. 6 percent

  4. 8 percent

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Species diversity is the diversity at the species level. For example, the western Ghats have a greater amphibian species diversity than the eastern Ghats. Although India has only 2.4 per cent of the world's land area, its share of the global species diversity is an impressive 8.1 per cent. That is what makes our country one of the 12 mega diversity countries of the world.

Ecological diversity includes

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. Species diversity

  2. Genetic diversity

  3. Ecosystem diversity

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In our biosphere immense diversity (or heterogeneity) exists not only at the species level but at all levels of biological organisation ranging from macromolecules within cells to biomes. Biodiversity is the term popularised by the sociobiologist Edward Wilson to describe the combined diversity at all the levels of biological organisation. 

The most important of them are -
(i) Genetic diversity.
(ii) Species diversity.
(iii) Ecological diversity.

Write the correct sequence of genetic diversity.

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. Kingdom $\rightarrow$ species $\rightarrow $chromosomes$ \rightarrow $genes $\rightarrow$ nucleotides

  2. Population $\rightarrow$species $\rightarrow$ chromosomes $\rightarrow$ genes $\rightarrow$ nucleotides.

  3. Species $\rightarrow$ genes $\rightarrow$population $\rightarrow $ chromosomes$ \rightarrow $ nucleotides

  4. Kingdom $ \rightarrow$ population $\rightarrow$ species $\rightarrow$ genes $\rightarrow$ chromosome $\rightarrow$ nucleotides

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Genetic diversity is the diversity in the number and types of genes as well as chromosomes present in different species and variations in the gene and their alleles in the same species.
Population $\rightarrow $Species $\rightarrow $Chromosomes $\rightarrow $Genes $\rightarrow $Nucleotide is the correct sequence of genetic diversity.

Which of the following ecosystems exhibits maximum genetic variations?

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. Tropical rain forests

  2. Tropical evergreen forests

  3. Coniferous forests

  4. Temperate forests

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Species diversity or genetic variation increases as one proceeds from high altitude to low altitude and high latitude to low latitude. Tropical rain forests are wet and dense. They exhibit maximum genetic variations due to increased temperature and rainfall.  They show high animal and plants biodiversity. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Tropical rain forests.'

Which of the following helps in maintaining species diversity in a community?

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. Omnivores

  2. Predators

  3. Herbivores

  4. Facultative parasites

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Species diversity is defined as the number of different species in a given community. The species diversity in a community is maintained by predators. Predators are organisms that feed on prey. They can increase, decrease or leave unchanged species diversity. They increase species diversity by preying on competitive dominant species and reduce species diversity by reducing consumer pressure on foundation species.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Predators.'