Tag: computer in accounting

A device that can convert digital signals to analog signals is Modem

An analog-to-digital converter, or ADC as it is more commonly called, is a device that converts analog signals into digital signals. Analog information is transmitted by modulating a continuous transmission signal by amplifying a signal's strength or varying its frequency to add or take away data.

A modem is a device or program that enables a computer to transmit data over, for example, telephone or cable lines. Computer information is stored digitally, whereas information transmitted over telephone lines is transmitted in the form of analog waves. A modem converts between these two forms.

In general terms a data converter is a device that converts analog signals to digital data or vice versa. Devices that convert analog signals to digital are frequently referred to as ADC. Devices that convert digital signals to analog are called DAC.

Analog to Digital Converter samples the analog signal on each falling or rising edge of sample clock. In each cycle, the ADC gets of the analog signal, measures and converts it into a digital value. The ADC converts the output data into a series of digital values by approximates the signal with fixed precision.

After being denied Cray supercomputers, India started a program to develop indigenous supercomputers and supercomputing technologies.

The first super Computer in India was Param 8000 . It was an Initiative program of Center for Development of Advanced Computing(C-DAC) in India which was started in 1980’s.

In 1991 Param 8000 became the first super computer of India.

Smaller and less expensive PC-based servers are replacing Mainframe in many businesses.

Mainframe computers (colloquially referred to as "big iron"[1]) are computers used primarily by large organizations for critical applications; bulk data processing, such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning; and transaction processing. They are larger and have more processing power than some other classes of computers: minicomputers, servers, workstations, and personal computers.

Modern mainframes can run multiple different instances of operating systems at the same time. This technique of virtual machines allows applications to run as if they were on physically distinct computers. In this role, a single mainframe can replace higher-functioning hardware services available to conventional servers. While mainframes pioneered this capability, virtualization is now available on most families of computer systems, though not always to the same degree or level of sophistication.

Mainframes are designed to handle very high volume input and output (I/O) and emphasize throughput computing.

Supercomputers are specially designed computers that perform complex calculations extremely rapidly.

A supercomputer is a computer with a high level of performance compared to a general-purpose computer. Performance of a supercomputer is measured in floating-point operations per second (FLOPS) instead of million instructions per second (MIPS). As of 2017, there are supercomputers which can perform up to nearly a hundred quadrillion FLOPS. As of November 2017, all of the world's fastest 500 supercomputers run Linux-based operating systems. Additional research is being conducted in China, the United States, the European Union, Taiwan and Japan to build even faster, more powerful and more technologically superior exascale supercomputers.

The IBM Blue Gene supercomputer uses the CNK operating system on the compute nodes, but uses a modified Linux-based kernel called I/O Node Kernel (INK) on the I/O nodes. CNK is a lightweight kernel that runs on each node and supports a single application running for a single user on that node.

A network operating system (NOS) is a computer operating system that is designed for network use. ... In particular, UNIX was designed from the beginning to support networking, and all of its descendants (i.e., Unix-like operating systems) including Linux and Mac OSX, feature built-in networking support.

IBM 7000 digital computer Has modular construction.

The IBM 7000 series is a series of large-scale (mainframe) computer systems that were made by IBM through the 1950s and early 1960s. The series includes several different, incompatible processor architectures. The 700s use vacuum tube logic and were made obsolete by the introduction of the transistorized 7000s. The 7000s, in turn, were eventually replaced by System/360, which was announced in 1964. However the 360/65, the first 360 powerful enough to replace 7000s, did not become available until November 1965. Early problems with OS/360 and the high cost of converting software kept many 7000s in service for years afterward.

Modular design, or "modularity in design", is a design approach that subdivides a system into smaller parts called modules or skids, that can be independently created and then used in different systems. A modular system can be characterized by functional partitioning into discrete scalable, reusable modules; rigorous use of well-defined modular interfaces; and making use of industry standards for interfaces.

Mainframe computers are specifically designed to support hundreds or thousands of users concurrently for large-scale transaction processing. While supercomputers are faster, they are typically optimized for complex calculations rather than multi-user support.

Modem used to converts digital signals to analog signals. It enables a computer to transmit data.

Value added service is a popular telecommunication industry term for non-core services, all services beyond standard voice calls and fax transmissions. It can be used in any service industry, for services available at little or no cost.

Unit of speed used for super computer is GELOPS. GELOPS comes from word gel/ops.

The digital computer was developed primarily in USA.

Digital computer, any of a class of devices capable of solving problems by processing information in discrete form. It operates on data, including magnitudes, letters, and symbols, that are expressed in binary code—i.e., using only the two digits 0 and 1. John Vincent Atanasoff (October 4, 1903 – June 15, 1995) was an American-Bulgarian physicist and inventor, best known for being credited with inventing the first electronic digital computer. Atanasoff invented the first electronic digital computer in the 1930s at Iowa State College.

digital computer is the most commonly used type of computer and is used to process information with quantities using digits, usually using the binary number system.