Tag: chemical reactions of organic compounds

Questions Related to chemical reactions of organic compounds

$(CO+H _{2})+H _{2}\overset {673k,300atm,/Cr _{2}O _{3}-ZnO} {\rightarrow}$ 
The above shown reaction may by used for manufacture of:

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

  1. $HCHO$

  2. $CH _{3}COOH$

  3. $HCOOH$

  4. $CH _{3}OH$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Methanol is prepared on an industrial scale from a mixture of CO and H2. The mixture is subjected to 200atm pressure and passed over ZnO and Cr2O3 catalyst at 400 to 450 degrees celsius.

Hydrolysis of an ester gives acid A and alcohol B. The acid reduces Fehlings solution. Oxidation of alcohol B gives acid A. The ester is:

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

  1. Mehthyl formate

  2. Ethyl formate

  3. Methyl acetate

  4. Ethyl acetate

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A
A:- HCOOH
B:- $CH _{3}OH$
Therefore the ester is $HCOOCH _{3}$

Methanol is now prepared from:

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

  1. water gas

  2. sugar through fermentation

  3. wood

  4. both $A$ and $B$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
On an industrial scale, methanol is predominantly produced from natural gas by reforming the gas with steam and then converting and distilling the resulting synthesized gas mixture to create pure methanol. The result is a clear, liquid, organic chemical that is water-soluble and readily biodegradable.
Some methanol can be produced during fermentation, but this is not derived from the ethanol or by carbohydrate oxidation. It is produced in small amounts, either by non-enzymatic reactions or through the reduction of formaldehyde.

What is the common name of methyl alcohol?

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

  1. Wine

  2. Wood spirit

  3. Dilute acid

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 Methanol acquired the name wood spirit because it was once produced chiefly by the destructive distillation of wood.

Which among the following reactions does not give methyl alcohol?

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

  1. The reaction of ethylene with ${H} _{2}{SO} _{4}$ at ${80}^{o}C$

  2. The reaction of water gas with hydrogen at high temperature

  3. Alkaline hydrolysis of methyl bromide

  4. Both $A$ and $B$

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The reaction of ethylene with ${H} _{2}{SO} _{4}$ at ${80}^{o}C$ gives ethyl hydrogensulphate.
$CH _2=CH _2+H _2SO _4 \rightarrow CH _3CH _2OSO _2OH$
Water gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) at high temperature gives methanol.
$CO + 2H _2 \rightarrow CH _3OH$.
Alkaline hydrolysis of methyl bromide gives methanol 
$CH _3Br + H _2O \rightarrow CH _3OH + HBr$

Methanol can be prepared when :

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

  1. iodomethane is heated with moist silver oxide

  2. iodomethane react with sodium in the presence of ether

  3. both A and B

  4. none of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Moist Silver oxide 
$Ag _2O + H _2O \rightarrow 2AgOH$
$CH _3-I + AgOH \rightarrow CH _3-OH + AgI$
Therefore, methanol can be prepared when iodomethane is heated with moist silver oxide. 

There are two samples $A$ and $B$. $A$ is Methanol and $B$ is Ethanol. Both are heated both at the same rate in closed container separately. Which one is correct about the above test?

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

  1. At $60^0$C, container $A$ and $B$ both have liquids in them

  2. At $80^0$C, container $A$ and $B$ both have vapours in them

  3. At $70^0$C, container $B$ has liquid and $A$ has vapours

  4. All the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Methanol has a boiling point of $64.7^0$C whereas ethanol has a boiling point of $78.24^0$C. So, all the statements are correct.

Identify the correct set representing properties of Methanol.

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

  1. Colourless, volatile, poisonous, miscible

  2. Colourless, volatile, non-poisonous, miscible

  3. Colourless, volatile, poisonous, immiscible

  4. Colourless, non-volatile, poisonous, miscible

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Methanol is a light, volatile, colorless, miscible, flammable liquid with a distinctive odor very similar to that of ethanol (drinking alcohol).

Destructive distillation of wood in the laboratory will result in the formation of :

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

  1. Ethanol

  2. Methane

  3. Methanol

  4. Butane

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Methanol acquired the name "wood spirit" because it was once produced chiefly as a byproduct of the destructive distillation of wood.

Methanol is never stored in aluminium vessel because:

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds commercially important alcohols - methanol methanol some commercially important alcohols uses of alcohols

  1. it reacts with aluminium forming toxic gas

  2. it results in explosion

  3. it corrodes the the metal by destroying its oxide layer

  4. aluminium reduces methanol to methane

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Aluminum and its alloys resist most alcohols, however, some alcohols like methanol can be very corrosive when  extremely dry, especially at elevated temperatures.