Tag: environment pollution

Montreal Protocol on the substances that deplete the ozone layer was signed on 16-September-1987 in Montreal and became effective from 26-August-1989. It is the protocol to the Vienna Convention for the protection of the ozone layer. It is an international treaty that sought to phase out the halons by 1994, CFCs, by 1996, methyl bromide by 2005 and HCFCs by 2030.

Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the Ozone layer was signed in 1987 and was adopted in 1989 as a protocol to the Vienna convention. Till 2016, it sought to control HCFCs and CFCs. The Kigali amendment of 2016 added HFCs under the ambit of the Montreal Protocol. Initially, the protocol was designed to reduce the production of CFCs and Halons. Later 

The Kyoto Protocol was signed in 1997 under the aegis of United Nations Framework for Climate Change (UNFCC) in 1997 and got effective from 2005. It is the only legally binding protocol to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, CFCs, sulphur hexafluoride etc. Its first commitment period provided for 5% reduction.

• Montreal Protocol is an international treaty signed at Montreal (Canada) in 1987 to control the emission of ozone-depleting substances (ODS).
  
• The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer is an environmental agreement signed in 1985 that provided frameworks for international reductions in the production of chlorofluorocarbons that cause ozone depletion.
  
• Rio de Janeiro Conference in 1992 was held for addressing urgent problems of environmental protection and socio-economic development at the global level.
• The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which commits its Parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions leading to global warming.
  
• So the correct answer is 'Montreal protocol'.

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone, 1987 was meant to protect the ozone depletion by gradually phasing out the major ozone depleting substances. This protocol was signed to the Vienna Convention and identifies the following as ODS:

The Kyoto Protocol is the only legally binding agreement to reduce the greenhouse gases under the United Nations Framework For Climate Change (UNFCC). It was signed in 1997 and got effective in 2005. The participating countries have agreed to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases by an average of 5% below 1990 levels during the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol from 2008-2012. The Protocol targets the following greenhouse gases:

In 1992, the Earth Summit was held at Rio-de-Janeiro at which the leaders of 178 nations gathered to support the idea of the sustainable development. There were the following outcomes of the Earth Summit:

Montreal Protocol is an international treaty, signed at Montreal in 1987 to control the emission of ozone-depleting substances.

Recognising the deleterious affects of ozone depletion, an international treaty, known as the Montreal Protocol, was signed at Montreal (canada) in 1987 (effective in 1989) to control the emission of ozone depleting substances.