Tag: basic concepts of chemistry

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Multiple choice chemistry basic concepts of chemistry history of atomic model atomic theory of dalton daltons atomic theory

On the basis of assumptions Dalton explain __________.

  1. Law of definite proportion.

  2. Law of conservation of mass.

  3. Law of combining volume.

  4. Law of reciprocal proportion.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Dalton's atomic theory was primarily used to explain the laws of chemical combination, specifically the Law of Conservation of Mass and the Law of Definite Proportions.

Multiple choice chemistry basic concepts of chemistry history of atomic model atomic theory of dalton daltons atomic theory

Choose the correct option :


Dalton's atomic theory suffered from _________.

  1. Atoms of the same or different types have a strong tendency to combine together to form a new group of atom

  2. The atom can no longer be considered indivisible

  3. Discovery of isotopes indicated that all atoms of the same element are not perfectly identical

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Drawbacks of Dalton's atomic theory:

1. The atom is further subdivided into protons, neutrons, electrons.

2. The atoms of same elements are not similar in all aspects. They may vary in mass and density. These are known as isotopes.

3. Atoms of different elements are not different in all aspects. Atoms of different elements that have the same atomic mass are called isobar.

4. According to Dalton atoms of different elements combine in simple whole-number ratio to form compounds. This is not seen in complex organic compounds.

5. This theory fails to explain the existence of allotropes.

Multiple choice chemistry basic concepts of chemistry history of atomic model atomic theory of dalton daltons atomic theory

On which basis later researches proved that Dalton's atomic theory was not wholly correct :

  1. An atom is the ultimate

  2. Discrete particle of matter

  3. Indivisible particle of matter

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Drawbacks of Dalton's atomic theory :


1. The atom is further subdivided into protons, neutrons, electrons.


2. The atoms of the same elements are not similar in all aspects. They may vary in mass and density. These are known as isotopes.

3. Atoms of different elements are not different in all aspects. Atoms of different elements that have the same atomic mass are called isobar.

4. According to Dalton atoms of different elements combine in simple whole-number ratio to form compounds. This is not seen in complex organic compounds.

5. This theory fails to explain the existence of allotropes.


Hence the correct option is D.

Multiple choice chemistry basic concepts of chemistry history of atomic model atomic theory of dalton daltons atomic theory

Law of constant proportion is given by _________.

  1. Thompson

  2. Dalton

  3. Joseph Louis Proust

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Joseph Louis Proust had given the law of constant proportion.


The law of constant proportions states that chemical compounds are made up of elements that are present in a fixed ratio by mass. This implies that any pure sample of a compound, no matter the source, will always consist of the same elements that are present in the same ratio by mass. For example, pure water will always contain hydrogen and oxygen in a fixed mass ratio (a gram of water consists of approximately 0.11 grams of hydrogen and 0.88 grams of oxygen, the ratio is 1:8).

Hence, the correct option is $\text{C}$