Tag: components and importance of food

Questions Related to components and importance of food

Which of the following is known as the building block of proteins?

biology digestive system of human assimilation of food and egestion assimilation of food components and importance of food

  1. Amino acids

  2. Enzymes

  3. Fatty acids

  4. Glycogen

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Amino acids are directly absorbed into blood stream. Blood carries these amino acids to the tissues where they become part of the metabolic pool, from which body proteins are synthesized. Hence, it is known as the building block of proteins.

Which of the following pigments are responsible for the brown color of human faeces?

biology digestive system of human assimilation of food and egestion assimilation of food components and importance of food

  1. Stercobilinogen

  2. Stercobilin

  3. Derivatives of bilirubin

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Bilirubin and its derivatives, Stercobilin that is secreted from the liver as the waste material that is formed after the degradation of haemoglobin and

Stercobilinogen is a chemical formed by the bacteria of the gut from the degradation of haemoglobin are responsible for the colour of the faeces.
So the correct option is 'All of the above'.

Constipation is a condition in which defecation occurs inky at prolonged intervals. It is irregular or inadequate defecation. Which of the following conditions is not responsible for constipation?

biology digestive system of human assimilation of food and egestion assimilation of food components and importance of food

  1. Decreased colon motality

  2. A diet containing too little fluid and fibre

  3. Haemorrhoids

  4. Too much absorption of water by colon

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Haemorrhoids are also known as piles.
  •  In Haemorrhoids, swellings contain enlarged blood vessels found inside or around the bottom (the rectum and anus). 
  • A lump hanging down outside of the anus, which may need to be pushed back in after passing a stool. a mucus discharge after passing a stool.
  • Hence, Constipation is a condition in which defecation occurs inky at prolonged intervals. It is irregular or inadequate defecation. Haemorrhoids is not responsible for constipation.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Haemorrhoids'.

The process by which the blood carries the absorbed food products to the tissue cells, where they are taken up, is called as

biology digestive system of human assimilation of food and egestion assimilation of food components and importance of food

  1. Absorption

  2. Assimilation

  3. Digestion

  4. Ingestion

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

After digestion of complex food into the simple soluble form, the nutrients are absorbed by the small intestine with help of finger-like projection (villi) in the wall of the intestine. The wall of intention is surrounded by the blood vessels which possess assimilation of food. Assimilation is the process of transfer of soluble food from the intestine to different parts of the body through blood.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Which of the following substances can be assimilated unchanged? 

biology digestive system of human assimilation of food and egestion assimilation of food components and importance of food

  1. Vitamin

  2. Proteins

  3. Starch

  4. Lipids

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Vitamins are organic substances that help our bodies to function properly. Being a general source of energy supply these are crucial for the activities carried out by the cells and organs as well as the functioning of the body's immune systems. The human body goes through the process of bio-assimilation, which is actually the combination of two processes that help supply the cells with nutrients. The absorption of vitamins like minerals takes place in the gastrointestinal tract where it is broken down by enzymes and through the physical process of mastication. There is no chemical alteration of the substance. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

The process by which undigested substances are removed from the body is called __________

biology digestive system of human assimilation of food and egestion assimilation of food components and importance of food

  1. Excretion

  2. Exhalation

  3. Egestion

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C

Fatty acid and glycerol are transported from intestine mainly through

biology digestive system of human assimilation of food and egestion assimilation of food components and importance of food

  1. Hepatal portal system

  2. Lymphatic system

  3. Central nervous system

  4. Pulmonary system

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  1. Assimilation means the absorption and digestion of food or nutrients by the body or any biological system. 
  2. Assimilation of fats results in the formation of the end products of digestion of fats ie fatty acids and glycerols.
  3. These are absorbed and taken into the lacteal and later the lymphatic system and then they are transferred to the liver. 
  4. Fatty acid and glycerol can be used to form fats which are stored in the body’s fat deposits e.g. under the skin in the adipose tissue. Hence, the fatty acid and glycerol are transported from intestine mainly through the lymphatic system.
So, the correct answer is the 'lymphatic system'.

In which of the following alternatives the correct order of processes is given?

biology digestive system of human assimilation of food and egestion assimilation of food components and importance of food

  1. $Assimilation\rightarrow Absorption \rightarrow Digestion \rightarrow Ingestion\rightarrow Egestion$

  2. $Absorption\rightarrow Digestion\rightarrow Ingestion\rightarrow Assimilation\rightarrow Egestion$

  3. $Digestion\rightarrow Ingestion\rightarrow Assimilation\rightarrow Absorption\rightarrow Egestion$

  4. $Ingestion\rightarrow Digestion\rightarrow Absorption\rightarrow Assimilation\rightarrow Egestion$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Food is first taken in from the mouth that is ingested. The food is converted to simple form i.e digestion and then it is absorbed by blood i.e absorption. The nutrients in the blood are taken to the cell for metabolic action i.e assimilation and then undigested food is thrown out of the body through anus that is egestion.

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

What fraction of $CO _2$ exhaled by animals is generated by the reactions of citric acid cycle, if glucose is the sole source of energy?

biology digestive system of human assimilation of food and egestion assimilation of food components and importance of food

  1. $2/6$

  2. $3/6$

  3. $1/6$

  4. $6/6$

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Greenish fecal matter passed by infant in first two days of birth is due to sterilized intestine is 

biology digestive system of human assimilation of food and egestion assimilation of food components and importance of food

  1. Macrophage

  2. Stercobilin

  3. Meconium

  4. Both (b) and (c)

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The first intestinal discharge from newborns is meconium, which is a viscous, dark-green substance composed of intestinal epithelial cells, lanugo, mucus, and intestinal secretions (eg, bile). Intestinal secretions, mucosal cells, and solid elements of swallowed amniotic fluid are the 3 major solid constituents of meconium. Water is the major liquid constituent, comprising 85-95% of meconium. Meconium is sterile and does not contain bacteria.