Tag: social studies

The Suez Canal is a sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez. Constructed by the Suez Canal Company between 1859 and 1869, it officially opened on 17 November 1869.

The Deepest landlocked port in India is Vishakhapatnam, AP.
The port which is encircled by land from all sides with a water passage towards the sea or ocean is termed as a land-locked port.
It is often called "The Jewel of the East Coast", situated in the state of Andhra Pradesh, located on the eastern shore of India. It is nestled among the hills of the Eastern Ghats and facing the Bay of Bengal to the east.

Chennai Port, formerly known as Madras Port, is the second-largest container port of India, behind Mumbai's Nhava Sheva. It is an artificial and all-weather port with wet docks.

An artificial harbour was then built and the operations were started in 1881. Being an artificial harbour, the port was vulnerable to cyclones and accretion of sand inside the basin due to underwater currents, which reduced the draft.

• The Brahmaputra is navigable for most of its length in India. The government of India realized its immense navigational potential and declared it as the National Waterway-2 in 1988 between Sadiya and Dhubri.
• Inland Water Authority of India (IWAI) is responsible for maintaining River Brahmaputra’s navigational channel with the required draft. The river carries about 735 million metric tons of suspended sediment loads annually hence continuous maintenance and dredging are required to keep the channel navigable.

Pearl City, Salt capital of Tamil Nadu and Sea Gateway of Tamil Nadu. Thoothukudi (also known as Tuticorin, the official name until 2018) is a port city and a municipal corporation and an industrial city in Thoothukudi district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

Cochin Port or Kochi Port is a major port on the Arabian Sea - Laccadive Sea – Indian Ocean sea-route in the city of Kochi and is one of the largest ports in India. 

The Cochin port was formed naturally due to the flooding of the Periyar River in 1341 AD, and, over time has become a major flashpoint for trade. The port in its initial history attracted European merchants- predominantly Dutch and Portuguese- and was later expanded by the British with the establishment of Willingdon Island.

New Mangalore port is a deep water port at Panambur, Mangalore in Karnataka. It is currently 7^th largest port in India. It was established in 1974 and inaugurated by then Prime Minister Smt. Indira Gandhi. 

It handles the export of iron ore of Kudremukh and imports of petroleum products, fertilisers, edible oils, etc.

Inland waterways include rivers, canals, backwaters and creeks which are deep enough to allow the ships and boats to navigate safely.

National Water Way 2 which connects Sadiya and Dhubri is through the stretch of the Brahmaputra river.

With a long coastline of 7,516.6 km, India is dotted with 12 major and 181 medium and minor ports. These major ports handle 95 percent of India’s foreign trade. 

• The inland riverine port which is also a major port of India is Kolkata port. It is located on the left bank of Hooghly River.
  
• The important import of Kolkata from the given options is fertilizers.
  
• The other imports include iron ore, granite, coal, petroleum products, and containers.