Tag: organisation of commerce and management

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Questions Related to organisation of commerce and management

Multiple choice organisation of commerce and management leadership leadership theories directing commerce

In the University of Michigan studies, low group productivity and lower job satisfaction were associated with.

  1. Humanistic leaders

  2. Production-oriented leaders

  3. Employee-oriented leaders

  4. Technical-oriented leaders
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The University of Michigan studies identified two dimensions of leadership behavior: employee-oriented and production-oriented. Production-oriented leaders emphasize the technical or task aspects of the job, which was found to be associated with lower group productivity and lower job satisfaction among subordinates.

Multiple choice organisation of commerce and management leadership leadership theories directing commerce

Leadership research indicates that all of the following are traits that have been identified to be consistently associated with leadership except.

  1. Consistent behaviour

  2. Honesty and integrity

  3. Job-relevant knowledge

  4. Self-confidence
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

While traits like honesty, job-relevant knowledge, and self-confidence are consistently linked to leadership in trait theory, consistent behavior is a behavioral pattern rather than an inherent personality trait. Thus, it is not classified as a primary leadership trait in these studies.

Multiple choice organisation of commerce and management leadership leadership theories directing commerce

____________ is the act of directing or inspiring others to perform activities designed to achieve specific objects.

  1. Controlling

  2. Communicating

  3. Organizing

  4. Leadership
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Leadership is defined as the ability to influence, direct, or inspire a group toward the achievement of defined goals. While controlling, communicating, and organizing are management functions, inspiring others to achieve objectives is the core of leadership.

Multiple choice organisation of commerce and management leadership leadership theories directing commerce

Which of the following tasks represents a leadership responsibility?

  1. Budgeting

  2. Aligning people

  3. Organising

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

According to leadership theorist John Kotter, management focuses on coping with complexity through activities like budgeting and organizing. In contrast, leadership is about coping with change, which involves setting a direction and aligning people to achieve that vision.

Multiple choice organisation of commerce and management leadership leadership theories directing commerce

Gathering a range of data and looking for patterns, relationship, and linkages is a key function of ________.

  1. leadership

  2. management

  3. negotiation

  4. motivation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In the context of setting organizational direction, leaders must gather diverse data and identify patterns, relationships, and linkages to formulate a strategic vision. This forward-looking, pattern-seeking activity is a core component of leadership rather than routine management.

Multiple choice organisation of commerce and management leadership leadership theories directing commerce

Influence based on special skills or knowledge is called __________.

  1. Expert power

  2. Referent power

  3. Reward power

  4. Coercive power
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Expert power is derived from possessing specialized expertise, knowledge, or skills that others respect and rely upon. Referent power is based on interpersonal relationships and admiration, while reward and coercive powers are based on formal authority to give benefits or punishments.

Multiple choice organisation of commerce and management leadership leadership theories directing commerce

A nine by nine matrix outing 81 different leadership styles is called __________.

  1. Managerial grid

  2. Matrix 81

  3. Vertical conflict

  4. Leadership diary
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Managerial Grid, developed by Blake and Mouton, plots concern for production on the x-axis and concern for people on the y-axis, each on a scale from 1 to 9. This creates an 81-cell matrix representing various leadership styles.

Multiple choice organisation of commerce and management leadership leadership theories directing commerce

Autocratic leaders or leaders in the autocratic style depict __________ of decision making in themselves.

  1. centralised power

  2. decentralised power

  3. normative power

  4. dominant power
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An autocratic leadership style is characterized by individual control over all decisions and little input from group members. This results in highly centralized power, where the leader retains all decision-making authority.

Multiple choice organisation of commerce and management leadership leadership theories directing commerce

Which is a component of context in a team effectiveness model?

  1. Task identity

  2. Common purpose

  3. Autonomy

  4. Leadership
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In the standard team effectiveness model, context factors include adequate resources, leadership and structure, a climate of trust, and performance evaluation. Task identity and autonomy belong to work design, while common purpose is a process variable.

Multiple choice organisation of commerce and management leadership leadership theories directing commerce

Who developed the first comprehensive contingency model for leadership?

  1. Roger Blake

  2. Paul Hersey

  3. Jane Mouton

  4. Fred Fiedler
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Fred Fiedler developed the Fiedler Contingency Model in the mid-1960s, which was the first comprehensive contingency theory of leadership. It proposes that effective group performance depends on the proper match between the leader's style and the degree to which the situation gives control to the leader.