Tag: political science

In April 1999, the Albanian families of Kosovo were affected by the ethnic massacre. The Meja massacre was the mass execution of 372 Kosovo Albanian civilians. Hundreds of thousands of Kosovo Albanian refugees pour into neighboring countries, because of massacres and forced expulsions.

The struggle against privatization of water in Bolivia started in January 2000 when the government was pressurised by the World Bank to give up its municipal water right which were then sold to an MNC. People went to strike against harsh system of imposing heavy taxes and the struggle resulted in restoration of water supply to municipality at old rates.

Northern Ireland has been the site of a violent and bitter ethnopolitical conflict. Hundreds of civilians, militants and security forces were killed in the fight between Unionists and Nationalists and between the security forces of the UK and the Nationalists. It was only in 1998, that the UK government and the Nationalists reached a peace treaty after which the latter suspended their armed struggle.

In February 2005, the king dismissed the then Prime Minister and dissolved the popularly elected Parliament. The movement of April 2006 was aimed at regaining popular control over the government from the king.

All the major political parties in the parliament formed a Seven Party Alliance (SPA) and called for a four day strike in Kathmandu, the country’s capital. 

The special Constitutional position of Jammu and Kashmir is that it has its own Constitution. By virtue of Article 370 of the Constitution of India which deals with the "Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions" such special status has been granted to Jammu and Kashmir. 

Nepal witnessed an extraordinary popular movement in 1990s. The movement was aimed at restoring democracy. Although the king formally remained the head of the state, the real power was exercised by popularly elected representatives. King Birendra, who had accepted this transition from absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy, was killed in a mysterious massacre of the royal family in 2001. 

After Tito’s death in 1980, bitter inter-ethnic rivalries asserted themselves and there were clashes between different ethnic groups, such as the Kosovan Albanians and Serbs. There was a rise in Serbian para-militarism and heightened tension between the Muslim Bosnians, the Croats and the Serbs in Bosnia-Herzegovina. By 1990, the Serbian-controlled Federal government refused to agree to Croatia and Slovenia’s demands for a multiparty government. Hence, Option A is correct. The rest of the countries do not have Serbian and Albanian ethnic groups, hence, incorrect. 

26th January in India is celebrated as Republic Day. It honors the date on which the Constitution of India came into force on 26 January 1950, replacing the Government of India as the governing document of India and, thus turning the nation into a newly formed republic. 

The Seven Party Alliance formed by all the major political parties in the parliament, announced a four day strike in the country's capital,  Kathmandu. The halfhearted concession made by the the King were rejected by the leaders of the movement. On 24 April 2004, the last day of the ultimatum, the king was forced to concede all the three demands. The SPA chose Girija Prasad Koirala as the new Prime Minister of the interim government.