Tag: chemical organization in living beings

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Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents functions and principal sources of lipids chemical organization in living beings lipids

Number of oxygen atoms in lipid molecules is always ......... as compared to number of carbon atoms

  1. Less

  2. More

  3. Equal

  4. Double
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Lipid is formed by ester linkage of the glycerol molecule with three fatty acid molecules. The reaction by which the lipids are formed is known as dehydration. It is an important constituent of the cell membrane. It has the hydrophobic tail which does not interact with water. A lipid molecule has six oxygen and nine carbon atom. The carbon atom can vary depending on the R group attached to the fatty acid.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents functions and principal sources of lipids chemical organization in living beings lipids

Which of the following lipid is essential part of good diet?

  1. Oleic acid

  2. Linoleic acid

  3. Stearic acid

  4. Palmitic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Essential fatty acids are that fatty acid which plays an important role in the biological process and they can be metabolized easily. These acts as a fuel rather getting deposited as fat in the body. The human body cannot synthesize essential fatty acids. Alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid are the two essential fatty acid. The essential fatty acids like alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid are unsaturated as they have double bonds.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents functions and principal sources of lipids chemical organization in living beings lipids

Structural lipids of cell membrane are

  1. Simple lipid

  2. Chromolipid

  3. Phospholipid

  4. Steroid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Phospholipids are the structural lipids which have phosphorous attached to the lipids molecules. It is an important constituent of the cell membrane. It is made up of two hydrophobic fatty acid tails and a hydrophilic head consisting of a phosphate group. The two constituents are joined by a glycerol molecule. It can easily form bilayer because of its amphiphilic nature. It has the hydrophobic tail which does not interact with water and a hydrophilic head which can interact with water.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents functions and principal sources of lipids chemical organization in living beings lipids

Which fatty acid is liquid at room temperature?

  1. Palmitic acid

  2. Stearic acid

  3. Lauric acid

  4. Linoleic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Linoleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid. Unsaturated fatty acids have double bonds that create kinks in the chain, preventing tight packing and keeping them liquid at room temperature.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents functions and principal sources of lipids chemical organization in living beings lipids

Steroids are

  1. Lipids

  2. Proteins

  3. Vitamins

  4. Carbohydrates
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Steroids are the organic molecule which plays an important role in the growth and development of the body. The molecular structure consists of 17 carbon which is arranged in four fused structure. It is found in plants, animals, and fungi. It is considered as an important class of lipids as they have properties similar to the triglycerides. It also plays important role in defensive mechanism of the body.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents functions and principal sources of lipids chemical organization in living beings lipids

Cerebroside is a

  1. Glycolipid

  2. Sterol

  3. Phospholipid

  4. Steroid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cerebroside is an important component of muscles and nerve cell membrane. It is also known as galactosylceramide. It is a class of glycolipids which consists of N -acyl sphingosine with glucose or galactose. Its deposition causes Gaucher disease. It is synthesized in endoplasmic reticulum and membranes of Golgi apparatus. It is degraded in the lysosomes. It is also known as galactolipid.

So, the correct answer is option A. 

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents functions and principal sources of lipids chemical organization in living beings lipids

Hydrolysis of lipid yields

  1. Fats

  2. Fatty acids and glycerol

  3. Mannose and glycerol

  4. Maltose and fatty acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Most common lipids are triglycerides of glycerol and fatty acids. During digestion of lipids they are broken down into constituent fatty acids and glycerols by the action of lipase enzymes.

Hence B is the correct option. 

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents functions and principal sources of lipids chemical organization in living beings lipids
Choose the correct combination:

$a$ Fatty acid $1.$ Glutamic acid
$b$ Phospholipid $2.$ Tryptophan
$c$ Aromatic Amino Acid $3.$ Lecithin
$d$ Acidic Amino Acid $4.$ Palmitic acid
  1. $a - 1, b - 2, c - 3, d - 4$
  2. $a - 4, b - 3, c - 2, d - 1$
  3. $a - 2, b - 3, c - 4, d - 1$
  4. $a - 3, b - 4, c - 1, d - 2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

a) Palmitic acid is a saturated fatty acid. Its chemical formula is CH$ _3$(CH$ _2$)$ _{14}$COOH. Meat, cheese and diary products are the main source of the palmitic acid. It was first discovered in saponified palm oil. Excess carbohydrate in the body is converted into palmitic acid. 

b) Lecithin is an essential phospholipid which is present in the body. It is composed of choline, fatty acids, glycerol, glycolipids, phospholipids, phosphoric acid and triglycerides.
c) Tryptophan is a aromatic amino acid which acts as a precursor to the neurotransmitter. It helps in biosynthesis of proteins. It also helps in the synthesis of niacin and auxin.
d) Glutamic acid is an acidic amino acid which acts as a important neurotransmitter.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents functions and principal sources of lipids chemical organization in living beings lipids

Commonly, candles are prepared from

  1. Bees wax

  2. Paraffin wax

  3. Stearic acid

  4. Both (b) and (c)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The use of wax used to prepare candles has changed during the past few centuries. Nowadays, standard commercial candles are made from a combination of Paraffin wax and Stearic acid. A small amount of Bee wax may or may not be added in the making.

Multiple choice biology food and it's constituents functions and principal sources of lipids chemical organization in living beings lipids

A product of glycerol and phellonic acid is

  1. Wax

  2. Cutin

  3. Suberin

  4. Sterol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Suberin is a type of lipid found in the cell wall of plants especially cork cells. It is a mixture of fatty acid material along with glycerol and phellonic acid. It gives rigidity and strength to cell wall in addition to imparting impermeability to cork cells.  Waxes are esters of long chain fatty acids with cetyl or mericyl alcohol. They are found in leaf surfaces of plants, bees wax, wool fat of animal furs and ear wax.  Cutin is a complex lipid formed by polymerisation of  hydroxy fatty acids with or without esterification by alcohols other than glycerol. It is found in the epidermal cell walls of plants and also as a separate layer outer to epidermis. It prevents the water loss due to transpiration. 

Sterols are complex lipids having one or more hydroxyl groups. For example cholesterol in animals provide stability to cell memebrane and also helps in synthesis of vitamin D in response to light. It is also an important component of various hormones such as testosterone, aldosterone, estrogen and progesterone.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.