Tag: mechanism of digestion

Questions Related to mechanism of digestion

Digestion of both starch and protein is carried out by

bio-chemistry coordination in life processes role of intestine digestion in intestine mechanism of digestion digestive system - organs

  1. Gastric juice

  2. Gastric lipase

  3. Pancreatic juice

  4. Ptyalin

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Correct Option: C

Enzyme lactase occurs in

bio-chemistry coordination in life processes role of intestine digestion in intestine mechanism of digestion digestive system - organs

  1. Saliva

  2. Pancreatic juice

  3. Intestinal juice

  4. Stomach

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Correct Option: C

Which of the following best represents the enzyme composition of pancreatic juice?

bio-chemistry coordination in life processes role of intestine digestion in intestine mechanism of digestion digestive system - organs

  1. Amylase, peptidase, trypsinogen, rennin

  2. Lipase, amylase, trypsinogen, peptidase

  3. Lipase, amylase, pepsin, maltase

  4. Peptidase, amylase, pepsin, rennin

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Pancreatic juice is liquid secetrted by pancreas . It is alkaline in nature and it has following enzymes lipase, for digesting fats, amylase for digesting starch, trypsinogen for digesting proteins.

The end products of protein digestion are

bio-chemistry coordination in life processes role of intestine digestion in intestine mechanism of digestion digestive system - organs

  1. monosaccharides

  2. steroids

  3. amino acids

  4. fatty acids

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  1. Amino acids and proteins are the building blocks of life. Amino acids are organic compounds that combine to form proteins.
  2.  When proteins are digested or broken down, amino acids are left. Zymogenic cell or peptic cell in the stomach that releases pepsinogen and chymosin. 
  3. This inactive pepsinogen, on exposure to hydrochloric acid, gets converted to the active enzyme pepsin.
  4.  Pepsin is produced in the stomach and is one of the main digestive enzymes, which helps in digestion of the proteins to polypeptide chains. The end product of protein is it must be broken down into amino acids. Hence, the end product of protein digestion is amino acids.
So, the correct answer is 'amino acids'.

A pancreatic zymogen secreted into the duodenum, can be activated by:-

bio-chemistry coordination in life processes role of intestine digestion in intestine mechanism of digestion digestive system - organs

  1. trypsin

  2. pepsin

  3. secretin

  4. chymotrypsin

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Enteropeptidase is an enzyme produced by the cells of the duodenum and is involved in the digestion in humans and other animals. Enteropeptidase converts trypsinogen (a zymogen) into its active form trypsin, resulting in the subsequent activation of pancreatic digestive enzymes

So, the correct answer is 'trypsin'

If for some reason the parietal cells of the gut epithelium become partially non-functional, what is likely to happen? 

bio-chemistry coordination in life processes role of intestine digestion in intestine mechanism of digestion digestive system - organs

  1. The pancreatic enzymes and specially the trypsin and lipase will not work efficiently.

  2. The pH of stomach will fall abruptly.

  3. Steapsin will be more effective.

  4. Proteins will not be adequately hydrolysed by pepsin into proteoses and peptones.

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Parietal cells secrete HCl and intrinsic factor. Parietal glands also secrete pepsinogen to which hydrochloric acid acts to convert it into pepsin. Pepsin in return causes digestion of protein. If parietal cells become non-functional, it will directly affect protein digestion. So, the correct answer is (d).

When the acidic food from stomach comes to small intestine which of the following acts on it to make it alkaline?

bio-chemistry coordination in life processes role of intestine digestion in intestine mechanism of digestion digestive system - organs

  1. Bile

  2. Trypsin

  3. Pepsin

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • The pancreatic enzymes and intestinal enzymes are optimally active in alkaline pH (8.0-8.4) in the small intestine.
  • Thus, the acidic food from stomach is made alkaline by the action of bile.
  • Bile is alkaline in nature as it contains organic salt known as bile salt.

Protein digesting enzyme is

bio-chemistry digestive system of human role of intestine digestion in intestine mechanism of digestion

  1. Pepsin

  2. Ptyalin

  3. Amylase

  4. Maltase

  5. Sucrase

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  1. Pepsin is produced in the stomach and is one of the main digestive enzymes, which helps in digestion of the proteins in food. Zymogenic cell or peptic cell is a cell in the stomach that releases pepsinogen and chymosin.
  2.  The inactive pepsinogen, on exposure to hydrochloric acid, gets converted to the active enzyme pepsin, the proteolytic enzyme of the stomach. Pepsin converts proteins into proteoses and peptones (peptides). 
  3. Pepsin hydrolyses proteins to polypeptide chains and initiates protein digestion  Hence, the protein-digesting enzyme is pepsin.
So, the correct answer is 'pepsin'.

I. Amylase
II. Lipase
III. Pepsin
IV. Trypsin

Out of the aforementioned enzymes, the protein-digesting enzymes are

bio-chemistry digestive system of human role of intestine digestion in intestine mechanism of digestion

  1. I and II.

  2. I and III.

  3. II and III.

  4. II and IV.

  5. III and IV.

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Protein digestive enzymes are pepsin and trypsin. They break down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids. Pepsin is secreted by the gastric gland in the stomach where as trypsin is secreted by Pancreas.

Amylase and Lipase are other important digestive enzymes as well and they help in digestion of starch and fats respectively. Hence option E is correct.