Tag: plant breeding for food production

Questions Related to plant breeding for food production

The colour of high yielding Mexican wheats were not liked by the Indians. It was originally red grained. Their cultivation was adopted in India on the large, scale only when exposure to gamma radiations converted them to amber grained. Which of following methods of plant-breeding has been put into practice in the given case? 

botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

  1. Polyploid breeding

  2. Interspecific hybridisation

  3. Issue culture

  4. Mutation breeding

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Mutation breeding is the way toward presenting seeds to synthetic concoctions or radiation so as to create freaks with attractive qualities to be reproduced with different cultivars. 

So, the correct answer is 'Mutation breeding'.

Which of the following is an example of mutation breeding?

botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

  1. Pusa Swarnim, resistant to white rust

  2. Mung bean, resistant to yellow mosaic virus

  3. Pusa Sadabahar, resistant to chilli mosaic virus

  4. Pusa Gaurav, resistant to aphids

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The process of mutation breeding involves inducing mutations artificially through use of chemicals or radiations and selecting plants that have the desirable character as a source in breeding.

Pullorum disease of chickens is caused by 

botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

  1. Aspergillus fungus

  2. Paramyxo virus

  3. Salmonella bacterium

  4. Candida fungus.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Pullorum disease is caused by one of the two poultry-adapted strains of Salmonella bacteria. It causes mortality in birds up to 3 weeks of age. Occasionally, it can cause loss in adult birds but also infects parrots, sparrows and peafowl

Which among the following is Eco-frinedly method to protect crops?

botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

  1. Biological control

  2. Chemical control

  3. Mechanical method

  4. Electronical control

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In biological control method, birds, insects and other living organisms are deliberately let out in fields to selectively kill pests. This becomes an easy method for protecting crops against selective pests. This is an environment friendly method to control the pests.

Which of the following statements is not correct about fertilizer?

botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

  1. It enriches the soil with organic material

  2. It provides nutrients to the soil immediately in concentrated from

  3. It increases the crop production several times

  4. It is available in all seasons

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Manure enriches the soil with organic material (humus). A fertiliser does not provide any Humus to soil.

Cattle feed should contain 

botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

  1. roughage

  2. concentrate

  3. both of these

  4. none of these.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Cattle diet varies from one period to another period. Generally the diet of cattle includes 15-10% of roughage and rest of them includes concentrate and other materials.

Haploid plants are preferred over diploids for mutation study because in haploids

botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

  1. Recessive mutations express immediately

  2. Induction of mutations is easier

  3. Culturing is easier

  4. Dominant mutations express immediately.

Show answer
Correct Option: A

The increase in crop yield with green manure is approximately

botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

  1. 1-10%

  2. 10-20%

  3. 30-50%

  4. 60-80%

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The amount of humus found in the soil also increases with higher rates of decomposition, which is beneficial for the growth of the crop succeeding the green manure crop used, and its management, its approach that of soil organic matter and microbial biomass. This resulted in the increase of the yield of the crops to about 25%- 35%.

So, the correct option is '30-50%'.

____ and ____ are unicellular algae, rich in proteins, that are used as food supplements even by space travellers. 

botany components of food balanced diet food production and microbes plant breeding for food production effect on general health diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diet, drugs and disease

  1. Chlorella, Spirulina

  2. Gelidium, Gracilaria

  3. Porphyra, Spirogyra

  4. Laminaria, Spirogyra

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Chlorella (Green alga), as food supplement is rich in protein and carbohydrates. It yields about 30% proteins, 15% lipids, 30% carbohydrates and 5% ash. Spirulina platensis (blue-green alga) is one of the richest sources of protein and vitamin $B _{2}$. In long range space exploration, scientist have turned to Chlorella and Spirulina to use them as portable oxygen generators and food sources.

250 g of $Methylophilus$ can be expected to produce ______ tonnes of proteins.

botany strategies for enhancement in food production balanced diet food production and microbes plant breeding for food production

  1. 15

  2. 25

  3. 40

  4. 50

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A 250 kg cow produces 200 g of proteins per day. In the same period, 250 g of a microorganisms like Methylophilus methylotrophus because of its high rate of biomass production and growth, can be expected to produce 25 tonnes of protein.