Tag: breeding and biotechnology

Quizzes (13) Questions (65)

Questions Related to breeding and biotechnology

Multiple choice botany breeding and biotechnology branches of biotechnology gene cloning biotechnology and genetic engineering

The recent techniques used for separating fragments of DNA is

  1. Northern blotting

  2. Southern blotting

  3. Eastern blotting

  4. Western blotting
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Southern blotting is a common technique used in molecular biology to separate and characterize DNA. Southern blotting is a technique used to determine the presence of a specific DNA sequence within a mixture via agarose gel electrophoresis. The Northern blot is a technique used in molecular biology research to study gene expression by detection of RNA (or isolated mRNA) in a sample. The Eastern blot is a biochemical technique used to analyze protein post translational modifications such as lipids, phospho-moieties and glycoconjugates. Western blotting is an adaptation of the Southern blot procedure, used to identify specific amino-acid sequences in proteins.
Multiple choice botany breeding and biotechnology branches of biotechnology gene cloning biotechnology and genetic engineering

DNA sequence comparison is a powerful tool in studying evolution. However, there are limitations to what it can tell us about the history of life on Earth.
What is a limitation of this technology?

  1. It is only possible to obtain DNA samples from extant or recently extinct species.

  2. It is possible that an organism will have genes for non-functional proteins.

  3. Mutations can occur randomly in genomes.

  4. There is greater variation in DNA sequences that in amino acid sequences.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
DNA sequence comparison tools like BLAST, CLUSTAL W etc are some of the powerful tools used in understanding the similarity, relatedness and other phylogenetic studies between two or more sequences at the same time. Mutations act as the limitation of DNA sequence comparison technology as they can occur randomly throughout the genome with time and hence could distort the sequence comparison results and hamper the assessment for statistical significance.
so, the correct answer is 'Mutations can occur randomly in genomes'
Multiple choice botany breeding and biotechnology branches of biotechnology gene cloning biotechnology and genetic engineering

Which one of the following is related with genetic engineering?

  1. Plasmids

  2. Mitochondria

  3. Mutations

  4. Ribosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In molecular cloning, a vector is a DNA molecule used as a vehicle or carrier which carries the desired gene from donor to recipient cell, where it can be replicated and/or expressed. The plasmid is extrachromosomal circular DNA which acts as vector DNA. The plasmid is the most important vector as it possesses multiple cloning sites, an origin of replication and a selectable marker.

Multiple choice botany breeding and biotechnology branches of biotechnology gene cloning biotechnology and genetic engineering

Using recombinant DNA technology, genes from a donor cell can be inserted into a bacterium for DNA replication and protein synthesis. The kind of cells that can be used as gene donors in this technology are

  1. Bacteria only

  2. Either yeast or bacteria

  3. Eukaryotic cells only

  4. Any of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The production of a recombined bacterium using a gene from a foreign donor and the synthesis of a protein encoded by the recombinant DNA molecule. The genes used as a donor in recombinant DNA technology are commonly obtained from bacteria, yeast or any eukaryotic host organism. 

So, the correct option is 'Option D' .

Multiple choice botany breeding and biotechnology branches of biotechnology gene cloning biotechnology and genetic engineering

In genetic engineering, a DNA segment (gene) of interest is transferred to the host cell through a vector. Consider the following four agents in this regard and select the correct option about which one or more of these can be used as a vector/vectors?
(i) Bacterium
(ii) Plasmid
(iii) Plasmodium
(iv) Enzyme

  1. (ii) only

  2. (i) and (ii) only

  3. (i), (iii) and (iv)

  4. (iv) only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In molecular cloning, a vector is a DNA molecule used as a transport to artificially carry foreign genetic material into another cell, where it can be replicated and expressed. A vector containing foreign DNA is termed recombinant DNA. The four major types of vectors are plasmids, viral vectors, cosmids, and artificial chromosomes. Of these, the most commonly used vectors are plasmids.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Which of the following is a correct match between crop, variety and resistance to diseases?

  1. Crop - Wheat, Variety - Himgiri, Resistance to disease - White rust

  2. Crop - Brassica, Variety - Pusa Sadabahar, Resistance to disease - Black rot

  3. Crop - Cowpea, Variety - Pusa Komal, Resistance to disease - Bacterial blight

  4. Crop - Chilli, Variety - Pusa Swarnim, Resistance to disease - Chilly mosaic virus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
A)Crop - Wheat, Variety - Himgiri, Resistance to disease - Leaf and stripe rust, hill blunt.
B)Crop - Brassica, Variety - Pusa swarnim, Resistance to disease - White Dust
C)Crop - Cowpea, Variety - Pusa Komal, Resistance to disease - Bacterial Blight
D)Crop - Chilli, Variety - Pusa Sadabahar, Resistance to disease - Chilly mosaic virus
So the correct option is 'Crop - Cowpea, Variety - Pusa Komal, Resistance to disease - Bacterial blight'


Multiple choice biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Which of the following is incorrectly matched?                         

  1. Disease - Black rot of crucifers; Causative Organism - Bacteria

  2. Disease - Brown rust of wheat; Causative Organism - Fungi

  3. Disease - Late blight of potato; Causative Organism - Virus

  4. Disease - Red rot of sugarcane; Causative Organism - Fungi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Late blight of potato is caused by Phytophthora infestans a oomycetae (fungi). Cool climate and wet weather help infection and spread, responsible for the irish famines in the nineties.

So, the correct answer is 'Disease - Late blight of potato; Causative Organism - Virus'

Multiple choice biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Use of certain chemicals and radiation to change the base sequence of genes of crop plants is termed

  1. recombinant DNA technology

  2. transgenic mechanism

  3. mutation breeding

  4. gene therapy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Mutation breeding is the process of exposing seeds to certain chemicals and radiation in order to generate mutants with desirable traits to bred with other cultivators. This will change the base sequence of genes of crop plants. In mung bean, resistance to yellow mosaic virus and powdery mildew were induced by mutations.
  • Recombinant DNA technology is the process of joining DNA molecules together from 2 different species that are inserted into a host organism to produce new genetic recombinations.
  • Transgenic mechanism is the mechanism of random integration of foreign DNA in transgenic animals.
  • Gene therapy is a therapeutic process of delivery of nucleic acid into a patient's cell as a drug to treat a disease.
So, the correct option is 'Option C' .