Tag: satellite launch vehicles

Questions Related to satellite launch vehicles

Suppose a rocket with an initial mass $M _0$ expels a mass $\delta m$ in the form of gases in time $\Delta t$, then the mass of the rocket after time t is : 

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  1. $M _0$

  2. $M _0+\cfrac{\Delta m}{\Delta t}$

  3. $M _0-\cfrac{\Delta m}{\Delta t}$

  4. $M _0-\cfrac{\Delta m}{\Delta t}t$

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Correct Option: D

Blow a balloon and let it go. You will find it moving in the direction opposite to the direction in which the air is ejected. This demonstrates :

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  1. the principle of rocket propulsion

  2. the principle of combustion

  3. the principle of conservation of energy

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The principle of rocket propulsion works on the 'Newton's Third Law of Motion'. It states that, 'to every action, there is always an equal and opposite reaction'.

In the case of a rocket, the engine emits hot burning gases in the downward direction. These gases apply an equal and opposite reaction force to the rocket in the upward direction.
This is how a rocket is propelled.
Rocket propulsion is similar to the example of the situation in which, if we blow a balloon and let it go, it starts moving in the direction opposite to the direction in which the air is ejected. 
Balloon forces out the air inside it. The air applies an equal and opposite reaction force to the balloon.

The propulsion of a rocket is based on the principle of conservation of

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  1. linear momentum

  2. energy

  3. angular momentum

  4. mass

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The rocket propulsion is based on the principle of linear momentum conservation as initially the rocket is at rest but when the rocket is ready to take off the the momentum of small mass of gas ejected at high speed is compensated by increased momentum of the rocket with the remaining fuel.

The scientific instrument which is usually placed in the front region of the rocket is called :

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  1. PAYBOOK

  2. PLAYOAD

  3. PAYLOAD

  4. PLAYWOOD

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The scientific instrument placed in the front region of the rocket is called PAYLOAD. For a rocket payload can be a satellite, space probe or a space craft carrying humans. The fraction of payload to the total liftoff weight of the rocket iscalled as palyload friction.

The principle of rocket propulsion depends on :

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  1. Newton's third law of motion

  2. Principle of conservation of momentum

  3. Either A and B

  4. Both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The principle of rocket propulsion works on the 'Newton's Third Law of Motion'. It states that, 'to every action, there is always an equal and opposite reaction'.

In the case of a rocket, the engine emits hot burning gases in the downward direction. These gases apply an equal and opposite reaction force to the rocket in the upward direction.
This is how a rocket is propelled.
The principle of conservation of momentum states that whenever two bodies collide or get separated, then their  total momentum before collision or separation is equal to their total momentum after collision or separation.
Since the gases of the rocket and the rocket are stationery at the start, their total momentum is zero. After the gases start burning, the momentum imparted to the rocket is equal and opposite to that of the gases. Hence their total momentum is zero.